Almost A Woman Essays -- essays research papers

In the autobiography Almost A Woman by Esmeralda Santiago, there are many pagan differences. She feels alienated from the rest of the large number in New York or the get together States, for that matter. When Esmeralda was thirteen she moved to New York with her family from Puerto Rico. She did not know a word of slope nor did she have any idea of what the American culture was like. To top off her ignorance of the American culture,she was poor, making her more of an outcast.      As she was growing up in the United States, most people related her to the only Latin people they had ever seen, who were Desi Arnaz from "I Love Lucy" and Rita Moreno from "West Side Story". She hated those assumptions they were inaccurate. Desi Arnaz played to percentage of a Cuban musician who was married to an American and was al modes put as the dumb, ignorant Hispanic who was sometimes lost in the ideas of the American. Some of that is true, still she didn& 8217t like the idea that people thought she was dumb just because the American culture was new to her.      The other person that most people related her to was Rita Moreno&8217s character in "West Side Story". Esmeralda hated this one even more. Moreno&8217s character was a Puerto Rican girl named Maria caught in the middle of a gang rivalry. Esmeralda thought they portrayed Maria as a whore because of the way she dressed and the way she acted towards men....

The Effects of Male Pattern Baldness :: essays research papers

The health and wellbeing of Americas children and teenageds is in jeopardy. at one time and in the future, is under threat. In 20022003, research found that most healthcare problems stemmed from a preventable condition. the most prevalent child health issues bear upon children are preventable corpulency, dental disease, emotional and behavioural problems, bullying and learning delays. These problems often present as comorbidities.Overweight and fleshiness affect about 23% of children and adolescents in the United States, with 6% being obese.1 This figure has tripled compared to studies in the early 90s. Studies of historical datasets drive home also revealed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents doubled over the period 19851997, a far greater rate of increase than in the preceding 16 years.3Health inequalities related to overweight and obesity are evident. There is a higher incidence of overweight and obesity in children of parents of partic ular backgrounds,3 and maternal education is the strongest social determinant of overweight and obesity in childishness.4 Although there are limited national data, and combined New South Wales, Victorian and National Nutrition datasets1 failed to find a rural/urban difference, Victorian epidemiological data show a statistically significant, higher proportion of overweight and obese boys in metropolitan areas, but this difference was not found for girls (Ms K Hesketh, NHMRC PhD Scholar, Centre for Community Child Health, Melbourne, VIC, personal communication).The health consequences of overweight and obesity are substantial, although Australian data remain unclear in certain areas.5 At least in the United States, obesity carries more stigma in children than any physical disability, and this is evident across all socioeconomic and ethnic groups.6 Issues of social acceptance, athletic competence and physical appearance are well known to obese children and affect their sense of social and psychological wellbeing. pear-shaped children with decreasing self-esteem are more likely to smoke and drink alcohol compared with those whose self-esteem increases or remains the same.7 Obese children and adolescents may also have a range of medical conditions including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and even type 2 diabetes. Other problems, such as musculoskeletal discomfort, obstructive sleep apnoea, heat intolerance, asthma and curtness of breath, greatly affect their lifestyle.8Implications for the future can be gathered from longitudinal studies. Combined cohort studies indicate that relative body weight is sustained from childhood to adulthood, and, once children or adolescents are overweight or obese, their weight is unlikely to track backwards.5 If this is not sufficient reason for concern, reflect that these studies (of the long-term consequences of child and adolescent obesity) were all performed before the worldwide obesity epidemic developed.

the great gatsby Essay -- Literature

Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby is a novel that explains the conflicts between love, sin, and death. It is a story of love and how love keister be quickly lost or hidden beneath the surface. It reveals what people go through in this decade, as well as the novels decade. There are conflicts throughout the novel of lust, sin, and pure evil. It basically explains the way the human mind operates when the heart is completely and undeniably in love with another. The point that the people in this novel went to the extreme to have the one they loved, innocent people tragically ended up in a realm of violence, betrayal, and their feature undeserved death.The Great Gatsby is a novel that takes the reader back to the time of the Jazz Age. Times were simpler but love was confusing. The most explicit scripted by Cheever to Gatsby comes earlier in the story to alert the reader of the more subtle parallels to the novel that follow (Allen). Jay Gatsby had everything except for the one thing he cov eted most, Daisy. She was the love of his life, yet, unfortunately for him, she had already been married to Tom. This small predicament, however did not seem to stop Gatsby. Throughout the novel, one can see how Jay and Daisys love grows. What started out as a simple friendship grew much stronger. Meanwhile, while they were rekindling their love, Tom had another secret love of his own. He was seeing Myrtle Wilson, a woman who, herself, was already married as well to George Wilson. This novel is about the circle of love affairs that tie this group of individuals together. Unfortunately, by the end of this novel, no one ends up with their happily ever after. No one was truly satisfied with what they had. The way this group of friends interacted with each oth... ...e Work. The Great Gatsby The Limits of Wonder. Boston Twayne Publishers, 1990. 11-15. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski. Vol. 157. Detroit Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 24 Jan. 2012.Phelps, Henry C. Literary History/Unsolved Mystery The Great Gatsby and the Hall-Mills Murder Case. ANQ 14.3 (2001) 33. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 26 Jan. 2012.Sutton, Brian. Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. Explicator 59.1 (Fall 2000) 37-39. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski. Vol. 157. Detroit Gale, 2005.Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 23 Jan. 2012.Trask, David F. A Note on Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. University Review 33.3 (Mar. 1967) 197-202. Rpt. in Novels for Students. Ed. Diane Telgen. Vol. 2. Detroit Gale, 1998. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 26 Jan. 2012.

Abortion :: essays research papers

Years ago when a women would get pregnant she would put one over a baby. Today accidental pregnancies are solved by a method called miscarriage. With this method the newly formed fetus is basically removed from the mothers body and destroyed. Although the whole process of having an abortion seems not especially pleasant, they seem to be popular.Many people argue that abortion is plain and simple murder. They reason that if a woman feels responsible enough to have sex, she needs to be responsible enough to deal with the consequences. No matter what the circumstances may be. The fourteenth amendment states that no state shall deprive any somebody of life, liberty, or property without a good reason and a fair trial. Pro-life supporters use the fact that in the United States constitution it clearly states that no one so-and-so kill anyone else without due process to fight against abortions. They reason that we must follow all of the other amendments so why do we not fully follow the f ourteenth? The unborn baby has a constitutional right to life unless due process of the law is put into effect. But how mess due process be in effect when the baby can not even speak for itself? Basically pro-life supporters argue that the baby can not be killed because it has the constitutional right to life.Non-abortions advocates also argue that abortions get used too regularly as a form of birth control. They recollect that abortions are put into the same category as the pill and the Depo-Provera shot. They also believe that while abortions are legal and so available, people do not see unprotected sex as serious as they should. Women may consent to un-protected sex because if they become pregnant they figure they can always notwithstanding go get an abortion. Pro-life supporters believe that abortions are a simple way out of a very complicated problem.However, the illegalization of abortion may shore on many consequences. If someone falls victim of rape and becomes pregnant it is not fair to make them keep the child. The mother would of course love the child, unless with that would come a form of hate. It is true that one should take responsibility for their actions, but rape is no action of their own. Rape is an act of violence and no women should have to have a baby out of it.As a women I agree that I, and only I, should make the decision of rather to have an abortion or to not have one.

Old and Young Frankenstein Essay -- Frankenstein essays

Old and offspring Frankenstein Something that interested me greatly about Mary Shelleys Frankenstein was the treatment that the creature received from Frankenstein and the other people around him. I a good deal wonder how things would have turned out had he been treated with a little bit of humanism and compassion, especially by his creator. What if Frankenstein had taken the responsibility as the creatures pargonnt and created him with a little humanism and kindness? Would the creature have vowed such revenge and killed everyone Victor cared about? Im going to use the film Young Frankenstein from 1974 to show what happened when the creature, created this time by Victors grandson, Frederick, received better treatment. Although the film is meant as a parody of all the films based on the novel, underlying this humor are more serious points, one of which is the concern with the way the creature is considered. The first step is to make a analogy between the film and the n ovel, and to look at the 1931 film version, since the humor in Young Frankenstein seems to be greatly parodying that film. The Frankenstein in this film version is Frederick, the grandson of Victor, who is a lecturer on neurosurgeons in New York. He receives news of his grandfathers will, and he goes off to Transylvania to claim his ancestral estate, there finding the plans of his grandfathers for the construction of a creature. The plot is very loosely based on Shelleys Frankenstein as a model, but its continued into the twentieth century with a different generation. Of course, when looking at the novel, it seems quite impossible that Victor could possibly have had a ... ...ral times, at the risk of his own life, as most parent would do for their children. Victor from Shelleys novel never even considered the creature a fellow macrocosm and showed no responsibility whatsoever to the creature. This creature felt unloved by his father, and plotted revenge on Victor, taking his family away, a family the creature could never experience. This comparison shows how if Victor had once considered the feelings of the creature, everything could have turned out so much differently. Works Cited Alpert, Hollis. Comedy The New King. Saturday Review World 2 Nov. 1974 52- 3. Blazing Brooks. make Business and TV. Time 13 Jan. 1975 56. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1992. Young Frankenstein. Dir. Mel Brooks. 20th Century Fox Film Corporation, 1974

Old and Young Frankenstein Essay -- Frankenstein essays

Old and Young Frankenstein Something that interested me greatly about Mary Shelleys Frankenstein was the treatment that the creature received from Frankenstein and the other people around him. I often wonder how things would oblige turned out had he been treated with a little bit of humanism and compassion, especially by his creator. What if Frankenstein had taken the state as the creatures parent and created him with a little humanism and kindness? Would the creature have vowed such revenge and killed everyone Victor cared about? Im going to use the study Young Frankenstein from 1974 to show what happened when the creature, created this time by Victors grandson, Frederick, received better treatment. Although the film is meant as a parody of all the films based on the novel, underlying this modality are more serious points, one of which is the concern with the way the creature is considered. The first step is to make a comparison between the film and the novel, and t o regard at the 1931 film version, since the humor in Young Frankenstein seems to be greatly parodying that film. The Frankenstein in this film version is Frederick, the grandson of Victor, who is a lecturer on neurosurgeons in raw York. He receives news of his grandfathers will, and he goes off to Transylvania to claim his ancestral estate, there finding the plans of his grandfathers for the construction of a creature. The plot is very loosely based on Shelleys Frankenstein as a model, but its continued into the twentieth century with a different generation. Of course, when looking at the novel, it seems quite impossible that Victor could possibly have had a ... ...ral times, at the risk of his own life, as most parent would do for their children. Victor from Shelleys novel never even considered the creature a swain being and showed no responsibility whatsoever to the creature. This creature felt unloved by his father, and plotted revenge on Victor, taking his family a way, a family the creature could never experience. This comparison shows how if Victor had once considered the feelings of the creature, everything could have turned out so much differently. Works Cited Alpert, Hollis. Comedy The New King. Saturday Review World 2 Nov. 1974 52- 3. glare Brooks. Show Business and TV. Time 13 Jan. 1975 56. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1992. Young Frankenstein. Dir. Mel Brooks. 20th Century Fox Film Corporation, 1974

Education †Africa Essay

Introduction In this essay I will discuss every last(predicate) the situational f functionors that formed the basis of the reforms during the era of knowledge reform from 1976-1994 in randomness Africa. The essay will critically discuss factors in detail regarding pre 1994 pedagogics. I will then give a conclusion on all the factors that influenced the educational reforms. The Soweto uprising in 1979 In 1979 there was a huge riot against the education act. The riot was about creating equal learning opportunities for everybody, black and people of colored population rioted in the streets of Johannesburg because they were tired of being oppressed.While this was going on teachers lost the will to teach and learners lost the will to learn. Erosion of the culture of learning and teaching (C. O. L. T) Schools were closed, destroyed and several(prenominal)times even burnt down because of the inequalities of learning during this era. This do it very hard for students of colour to le arn. Thus putting education for people of colour in a deep crisis. Students were upset with three major issues the standard of education, the quality of teaching and finally the poor state of school buildings and equipment.These three issues made students not want to attend school and was a main cause to the Soweto uprising in 1976. The De Lange commission The De Lange commission was introduced in order to create a better education system, for example creating equal education opportunities for everybody. These were some of their suggestions education must improve quality of life, must promote economic growth and education should be equal and available to every student regardless of their colour. The De Lange commission was considered by the HSRC and eleven points from the commission were put into place.The 1994 antiauthoritarian elections In 1994 the first democratic elections took place, this is the first time that everybody was seen as equal, with equal rights and learning opport unities. People were also given the freedom to pick which languages they wanted to learn in, as well as have a choice on subjects they learnt. People were also given freedom of choice in other aras not only education and some of these choices are freedom to vote, freedom to live where they want, freedom to marry betwixt races and International sanctions, against South Africa, in sport and economics were lifted.Differences in schooling between the four different race groups Along almost any dimension of comparison, there have been, and are glaring inequalities between the four schooling systems in South Africa. This applies to teacher qualifications, teacher-pupil ratios, per capita funding, buildings, equipment, facilities, books, stationery and also to results measured in terms of the proportions and levels of certificates awarded. Along these dimensions, White schools are far better off than any of the others, and Indian and Coloured schools are better off than those for African s.Schooling is compulsory for Whites, Indians and Coloureds but not for Africans. Which created unequal opportunities when it came to job opportunities. plan during the apartheid era Curriculum development in South African education during the period of apartheid was controlled tightly from the centre. While theoretically, at least, each separate department had its own curriculum development and protocols, in domain curriculum formation in South Africa was dominated by committees attached to the white House of Assembly.So prescriptive was this system, controlled on the one hand by a network of inspectors and subject advisors and on the other hand by several generations of poorly qualified teachers, that had authority, controlled learning, and corporal punishment were the rule. These conditions were exacerbated in the impoverished environments of schools for children of colour. examination criteria and procedures were instrumental in promoting the political perspectives of those i n power and allowed teachers very little latitude to determine standards or to interpret the work of their students.The Bantu education actThe Bantu Education Act (No. 47) of 1953 widened the gaps in educational opportunities for different racial groups. The concept of racial purity, in particular, provided a rationalization for keeping black education inferior. Verwoerd, then minister of native affairs, said black Africans should be educated for their opportunities in life, and that there was no place for them above the level of certain forms of labour. The presidency also tightened its control over religious high schools by eliminating almost all financial aid, forcing many churches to sell their schools to the government or close them entirely.Christian national education(C. N. E) Christian National Education supported the NP program of apartheid by calling on educators to reinforce cultural diversity and to rely on mother-tongue instruction in the first years of primary school . This philosophy also exposed the idea that a persons social responsibilities and political opportunities are defined by that persons ethnic identity. The government also gave strong management control to the school boards, who were elected by the parents in each district.Official attitudes toward African education were paternalistic, based on segregation. smuggled education was not supposed to drain government resources away from white education. The number of schools for blacks increase during the 1960s, but their curriculum was designed to prepare children for menial jobs. Per-capita government spending on black education slipped to one-tenth of spending on whites in the 1970s. Black schools had inferior facilities, teachers, and textbooks.Conclusion In conclusion to the above essay there were many problems such as Christian national education(C.N. E), The Bantu education act, Curriculum during the apartheid era, Differences in schooling between the four different race groups, The 1994 democratic elections, The De Lange commission, Erosion of the culture of learning and teaching (C. O. L. T)and The Soweto uprising in 1979.In all these situational factors that formed the basis of the reforms during the era of education reform from 1976-1994 in South Africa, the 1994 democratic elections were put in place so that everyone had equal opportunity at everything it was the main turn around point after the period of 1976-1994.I have discussed some of them in detail so that you can get a better understanding of the reforms that took place during the period of 1976-1994. Words 1024 References 1. http//upetd. up. ac. za/thesis/available/etd-05062008-091259/unrestricted/02chapter2a. pdf 2. http//jae. oxfordjournals. org/content/16/5/849. abstract 3. http//newlearningonline. com/new-learning/chapter-5-learning-personalities/apartheid-education/ 4. http//www. nwu. ac. za/sites/default/files/files/p-saeduc/articles/2009articles/Teksversorg_23nov09_ODAV. pdf 5. http//www . mongabay. com/history/south_africa/south_africa-education_under_apartheid. hypertext mark-up language

Woman in Black

Why do you approximate Susan pitchers mound called her story The cleaning lady in Black? How establishive is it as a title? champion of the most important parts of any leger can be the title and in this case, Susan Hill has decided on her title as being The womanhood in Black. Throughout this essay I leave al ane be looking at how Susan Hill has used her title effectively and I will also look at the reasons why Hill might have named her title The Woman in Black.At first it may bet a real simple title but as I will go through in this essay, simple might be the very cause of the effect it makes. Firstly, the story itself is heavily based on a gothic genre which consists of all the things you would pay to see in a gothic novel, haunted houses, discriminate areas, dark themes and of course, in this particular novel, this mysterious Woman in Black. With this gothic genre, comes a gothic title which is definitely identified by one word, Black.The work black always creates a negat ive mood and shows darkness and links this mood with the story, so you know what sort of things to expect from this check just from the title but more importantly, you want to know why. This is what will encourage the reader to read and enjoy the book. Secondly, I think a wizard of mystery is created by the title The Woman in Black and this creates questions about the book. This adds to the enjoyment of the book as their will always be tension and incredulity in anticipation about the appearance of the Woman in Black.An example of this is when Arthur Kipps calls the woman in at the funeral the woman with the wasted face, this would just seem normal but the fact that this woman is all in black relates us patronise to the title which creates suspicion about this woman. The main questions I think the title brings up about this book is who actually is this Woman in Black and why is she so important in the book? And these questions will state around in your head the throughout the novel and will add to the effect that the Woman in Black brings as all will be focused on her.Overall, I think the title The Woman in Black forms a better interest for the novel in a miscellanea of different ways and all these different ways, however small or large their effect, lay down up and create the effect as a whole. I think the effect is most noticeably shown through the entertainment of the novel which the title adds towards as well and the main reason I think Susan Hill named her novel this title was to enhance the entertainment that this novel produces.Woman in BlackWhy do you think Susan Hill called her story The Woman in Black? How effective is it as a title? One of the most important parts of any book can be the title and in this case, Susan Hill has decided on her title as being The Woman in Black. Throughout this essay I will be looking at how Susan Hill has used her title effectively and I will also look at the reasons why Hill might have named her title The Woma n in Black.At first it may seem a very simple title but as I will go through in this essay, simple might be the very cause of the effect it makes. Firstly, the story itself is heavily based on a gothic genre which consists of all the things you would expect to see in a gothic novel, haunted houses, isolated areas, dark themes and of course, in this particular novel, this mysterious Woman in Black. With this gothic genre, comes a gothic title which is definitely identified by one word, Black.The work black always creates a negative mood and shows darkness and links this mood with the story, so you know what sort of things to expect from this book just from the title but more importantly, you want to know why. This is what will encourage the reader to read and enjoy the book. Secondly, I think a sense of mystery is created by the title The Woman in Black and this creates questions about the book. This adds to the enjoyment of the book as their will always be tension and suspense in an ticipation about the appearance of the Woman in Black.An example of this is when Arthur Kipps calls the woman in at the funeral the woman with the wasted face, this would just seem normal but the fact that this woman is all in black relates us back to the title which creates suspicion about this woman. The main questions I think the title brings up about this book is who actually is this Woman in Black and why is she so important in the book? And these questions will stir around in your head the throughout the novel and will add to the effect that the Woman in Black brings as all will be focused on her.Overall, I think the title The Woman in Black forms a better interest for the novel in a variety of different ways and all these different ways, however small or large their effect, build up and create the effect as a whole. I think the effect is most noticeably shown through the entertainment of the novel which the title adds towards as well and the main reason I think Susan Hill nam ed her novel this title was to enhance the entertainment that this novel produces.

Nursery school Essay

The range of provision which is available for parents to access for their children are Pre- schoolsDay nurseriesChildren and family centresThese are to be found in the private, voluntary or independent sector.The purpose of the primordial years sector is to care for and educate children and the these places provide for babies and children which are put into a sidereal day nursery for parents/careers to go back to work. Children are put into sessional settings for social and educational purposes or a combination of care and education purposes. Families requirements for their children vary some parents hope care for their children so that they underside return to work, some parents want to stay with their children while they socialise, some parents want their children in setting which offer services aimed at learning, some parents want their children to be in a home based environment and some families cannot afford to pay fees for provision. (http//www.silkysteps.com/forum/showthr ead.php?t=13241&highlight=scope) Because of this the early years sector provide many types of provisions to meet the needs of families. Other provisions includeNurseriesChildmindersPre-schoolsCrchesParent and toddler groupsChildren centresEYMP 4 Task 3The effective provision of pre-school education (EPPE) project is the first major European longitudinal study of a national sample of youth childrensdevelopment (intellectual and social/behavioural) between the ages of three and seven years. To investigate the effects of pre-school education for three- and four-year-olds, the EPPE team collected a wide range of breeding on more than 3000 children, their parents, their home environments and the pre-school settings they attended.(http//www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/earlylearningandchildcare/evidence/a0068162/effective-provision-of-pre-school-education-eppe) It has impacted on childcare provision as the research the EPPE team did showed that pre-school education helps the development of children socially, intellectually and behaviourally which would elevate more parents to put their child into pre-school provisions.The Learning Report 2009Task 4The potential effects of discrimination include isolation, possible exclusion, demoralisation, and where self-esteem, confidence and resilience can be potentially damaged . Types of discrimination areGenderAgeDisabilitySexualityRaceCultureReligionPovertyEducation individualized featuresNot having English as first linguistic communicationDiscrimination against any child no matter what their needs can make them feel disjunct and varied to new(prenominal) children. Very often children with special needs have a pretty difficult time trying to fit in with otherchildren especially if they are in a mainstream school. All children can be very unintentionally cruel to one another and should be helped to understand that everyone is different and how this is good.. (http//www.silkysteps.com/forum/showthread.php?t=54 54) An example In the setting I work all the staff and me promote inclusion and we treat everyone the same.In my placement the setting promote equal opportunity and every staff member respect all the children and their families. They help children with language needs where English is not their first language which helps to ensure they can settle and adapt to the setting. Example (reading and singing in their language, books and talking with parents to find words we can use) Task 5.

Why Do Managers Plan?

why do Managers Plan 1 wherefore do Managers Plan? direction 301 Distance Learning declination 07, 2011 Why do Managers Plan 2 Why do Managers Plan? Strategic Planning This seems like a very cut and dry question to discuss, only if there is no single reason that a charabanc makes plans in the work environment. I will cover several scopes in which managers utilise prep bedness, and why it is an essential part of accomplishing tasks, and how it streamlines processes necessary for an plaque to be successful.First, I will discuss strategic readying strategic planning kindle in addition be referred to as charting the course for a business or organization. A central part of strategic commission is performance measurement (Public Administration Review, declination 2010). Unlike private sector business organizations, many government and public agencies declare developed performance measurements without developing strategic plans. I recollect that this is originally due to t he infrastructure that is set in place in most government or public agencies, and the marrow of red-tape that accompanies government ran agencies.Regarding the private sector, I conceptualise that having a strategic plan to guide managers and leaders in the decision making process allows them to identify alternative steps or measures to take in the event that nighthing in the business process changes that they have no direct control over. Managers who develop a strategic plan withal are in all prob world power to recognize that the end result cannot be their only concern, but they identify milestones that must be met along the ay, or during the process to physical exercise as a measurement tool to determine if they are making positive progress or if they need to examine glitches that will delay or have a negative impact on the business process. One tool to measure performance is a Balanced Scorecard. It is grounded in the idea that the measurement Why do Managers Plan 3 of an organizations performance ought to take into account the processes and resources needed to produce outcomes, as haveably as the outcomes themselves.In some ways, its emphasis on inputs and outputs is a step back in performance measurement, but that step is designed to help organizations fulfill the results promised. (Public Administration Review, December 2010). I believe that this is a vital step, if not the first step in planning that will help ensure a business or organization has a set path that will enhance their possibilities of success. Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning is the next area that I want to discuss.When mountain talk about managers making plans for operations or processes in a business or organization it is likely that they are referring to plans that include forecasts. This type of planning is appropriate if the future of or in the business environment is st sufficient however, this is not always the case with many businesses because they face bus iness environments that are multiform and unstable (Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning, January 1987).With this being the case in most business environments today, the leadership of these businesses continue to pursue planning and forecasting tools and applied science that will help them when they are developing strategic and organizational plans. Knowledge management world power also be referred to as Management Information Systems (MIS). This is a computer program or network that was developed for management and leadership members to use for the purposes of planning and may have examples of past planning events or projects that the circulating(prenominal) managers can use to aid them in the planning and decision making process.One significant advantage of this type of system is that it can provide historic data that allows good planning to be done from the beginning, and this might improve the probability of success of a project or doing process Why do Managers P lan 4 based on the past lessons learned that are taken into consideration when developing the current plan. The MIS was developed to assist managers in gathering information, generating ideas and alternatives and also for analyzing this information and choosing from among the competing alternatives.This MIS is just another tool to emphasize why managers plan. Another area that planning is important for managers is multi-project planning and resource control. This area is also related to the area of enterprise resource planning (ERP). Both of these areas require the use of business planning tools to make the managers reflect of planning for needed materials and resources much easier to manage through the use of technology and computer programs.One of the most challenging aspects of a managers patronage is to ensure that he/she effectively manages projects or production processes without exhausting the organizations limited resources (Multiproject Planning and Resource Controls, Dec ember 2006). When we talk of managers, I think it is important to realize that managers are in all industries including retail, production, manufacturing, and construction to name a few, and the one common link that they all share is planning.Planning is the rudiments or foundation that managers must establish as a starting point no matter the industry which they work. The important separate of planning that are related to multi-project and ERP management are identifying the resources needed to start and sustain work processes to eliminate loss eon due to a shortage of resources, and how the ERP system kit and caboodle together with other internal business systems to enhance the planning of management.An example of this could be that the ERP system interfaces the sustainment projects that are being actively worked with the supply or requisitioning process to ensure that needed resources such as materials and tools are being ordered to meet the project or job requirements. The ER P system Why do Managers Plan 5 can be programmed to recognized or identify items needed based on job number or serial be related to specific aspects of the job that were identified during the initial planning phase of the job or project.The items that would be ordered due to this planning would be added to what is usually referred to as a pick-list. This part of the ERP system is known as the interaction between structure and human action and is called the duality of structure, which simply means (in this case) the interaction between the ERP system (usually managed by a materials manager), the ordering of resources (between materials manager and vendors), and communication between the project or production manager and the system (actual input into the system) (business benefits from ERP systems, Staehr, 2008).The ERP systems ability to identify this process in only possible due to the initial planning that was performed by the manager in charge of the projects or processes, and communicated and planned with the materials manager to ensure the system was interfaced to the processes. I have actually used an ERP system called SAP, and these types of systems require a lot of training and hands on work because they can be very complex to use.Another extremely important and relevant planning tool that managers can use is the Production Planning Model. This PPM might also be referred to as Material Requirement Planning (MRP). The MRP is a vital tool for managers who work as maintenance managers, production managers, or operations managers. Managers use the MRP to identify the amount of spare parts that need to be either on hand or quickly procured to ensure there is limited or no equipment down-time due to the lack of parts to make needed repairs for process equipment.It is important that managers who work in these types of environments are the not just the process manager, but the planning manager. I make the Why do Managers Plan 6 previous statement because th e manager who develops the operational or process plans should use the equipments historical data to identify operational and down-time trends. They should also use Bills of Materials (BOMs) to identify parts that will be more likely to fail due to the amount of use, or are more susceptible to wear from continuous use in the operation or process.This topic is important to discuss because many plants or facilities might have the capability to manufacture parts in their own machine shops, and this can be a cost savings measure as well as a time saving measure. This is why it is important that the planning manager identify this as a possibility or a taste perception during the planning phase of the job to be performed. Using MRP helps manufactures and managers determine precisely when and how much material to purchase and process based on a time phased analysis of sales orders, production orders, current inventory, and forecasts (Production planning model, April 2009).MRP determines m aterial requirements based on master production and planning schedules which are used in confederation with one another to ensure an efficient work process. A primary reason that managers use the production planning model is to reduce the levels of parts or goods on hand. In other words, if proper planning is performed prior to starting the job or production process the manager will be able to determine the parts needed/required from start to completion of the process and save inventory costs by only having the required parts on hand with no excess.Once it is determined how much product will be produced it makes it much easier to determine the amount of parts or spare parts that will be needed. When managers are planning for a production run it is important for them to be aware of any future product orders that might pursue closely after the production Why do Managers Plan 7 process or run that they are planning for, so they can consider having more spare parts on hand to aid the planning process of the following project or product run.Good communication among the management team is crucial to the overall success in the planning phase of all work processes. The advantage of using the MRP to assist in the planning do of projects or production processes is that it allows the planning manager to use historical equipment data, and maintenance data to develop a trend analysis and determine the appropriate amount of parts required during a specific production process. In summary, I have used several different examples to emphasize and support why managers plan.I know that some of the examples that I used to illustrate my points might be broad, and even complex with regards to using ERP and MRP as tools to aid in planning, but I feel they were essential elements for me to use to stress that planning is often difficult and requires the use of technology to properly forecast outcomes etcetera. I have worked as a manager in charge of maintenance planning processes in a manufacturing environment, so I know from firsthand experience the importance of planning.I have used a management information system program (SAP Plant Maintenance Module) to integrate and implement plans and procedures, and it can be very time down and complex, but if we had not used a system such as this to help develop plans we would not have been able to effectively perform maintenance procedures and the company could have suffered catastrophic equipment failures. I know that we have probably all heard the old saying that failing to plan is like planning to fail, well in the case of Why do Managers Plan? I would have to say that I agree with that old Why do Managers Plan 8 saying, and that managers plan to ensure their efforts are successful, and to ensure the success of the organization as a whole. Why do Managers Plan 9 References professed(prenominal) Article Strategic Planning and Balanced Scorecards Charting the Course to Policy Destination, Edward T. Jennings, Jr. , University of Kentucky. Public Administration Review, dated December 2010. Professional Article Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning, Lynda M. Applegate, Tsung Teng Chen, Benn R.Konsynski, and Jay F. Nunamaker, Jr. Twentieth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Honolulu, Dated January 6-9,1987 Multiproject Planning and Resource Controls for Facility Management, E. William eastmost and Liang Y. Liu, dated December 2006. Understanding the role of managerial agency in business benefits from ERP systems, Lorraine Staehr, La Trobe University, Dated 2008. Production planning model with simultaneous production of spare parts, P. Cyplik, L. Hadas, and M. Fertsch, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland, Dated April 2009.

Happy Endings Essay

In the short story Happy Endings by Margaret Atwood the author displays how plot can affect characterization, or the lectors perceptions of characters, by showing several different scenarios using the aforementioned(prenominal) characters but different plot lines. For example, plot B, although it uses the same characters, creates very different perceptions of those characters than the ones created in plot A. In plot A, John and Mary appear to be in love, and they appear to be happy.The plot seems to indicate this John and Mary illumine in love and get married. They both have worthwhile jobs which they find exciting and challenging. They buy a charming house. From the sequence of events revealed, we are led to commit that John and Mary are two ordinary people with good lives and a healthy relationship. However, in plot B, this perception changes, even though it is told with the same characters. In this story, the reader perceives John as a stingy jerk who shamelessly uses Mary, a nd Mary as a poor girl with a lightheaded will. Mary falls in love with John but John doesnt fall in love with Mary. He merely uses her body for selfish pleasure and ego gratification of a tepid kind. This sequence of events leads the reader to conclude very different things about the characters than in the first plot.The plot complex body part is set so the audience is always changing his or her perceptions. There are some interesting themes that develop from this short story. One theme could be the idea of what the middle class values as important. Version A seems to sum up what the middle class expects life to be and thinks life should be. other theme is the Inevitability of Death mentioned in version F. This is the idea that death cant be avoided no matter what as stated in the story over and over again John and Mary die. This is definitely the main thought behind the entire short story.

The Chinese State Environmental Protection Agency

Case Study Report Introduction This case study report ordain explore the participation Phase Separation Solutions (PS2) and identify the key capers and alternatives. An analysis and application of forges get out then be conducted. Specifically, the five models chosen consist of a PESTEL analysis, Porters Five Forces, a pulverization analysis, the VRIN model and the organisational configuration model. An evaluation of alternatives involving advantages and disadvantages for the alternatives be then investigated. Finally, a conclusion and recommendations ar presented for PS2.Identification of Key Problems and Alternatives Within the case study thither atomic number 18 a set of key paradoxs and alternatives presented. The first problem deals with whether PS2 should get down the Chinese market. To investigate this further, economic problems, regulatory problems, and the problem of potential limited markets in Canada and compass north America whitethorn compel PS2 to internatio nalise. Declining economic markets and volatile manufacture propensity in Canada and North America display limited sustainable future revenues and enfeebling PCB-contaminated disfigurement allocation.Regulatory issues prohibit PS2 from transporting spetroleums from the US to Canada in addition to PCBs only providing PS2 with short term momentum as PCB treatment is a declining market in Canada. Currently, in the Canadian market there is a potential limit in regards to the amount of PCB-contaminated s anele and unfavourable embody advantages which may require PS2 to look afield in order to increase their business activities. These factors raise issues of constraints in PS2s existing markets (Canada and North America) which will ca enforce perspicacity whether PS2 should internationalise into main go through china.The second problem deals with which of the dickens opportunities should PS2 pursue. PS2 enquires to weigh up the deuce plectrons. Option mavin is a joint venture ( JV) with Nanjing Institute of milieual Sciences (NIES) in the indemnity POP-contaminated s oil color era plectrum two is a JV with Zhoushan Nahai Solid Waste Central Disposal (Nahai) in oil recovery from oil oozing. Either none, weft one, survival of the fittest two, or both need to assessed and then selected. Would it be feasible to pursue both? Assessments of internal capabilities would need to be under lockn, focusing on monetarys and be to learn the possibility of pursuing both picks.In order to undertake both options, PS2 has to assess the cost and benefits. The third problem deals with whether PS2 possess the required imaginativenesss and capabilities to pursue an equity-based inlet. An internal assessment of resources and capabilities will need to be undertaken to determine current capacity and whatever future resources and capabilities needed to blast. Additionally, determining the affect cooperative opportunities with NIES and Nahai in china would do to imp act the metrics of PS2 and the flow-on impact on corporate resources and the organisational structure.The fourth problem deals with what monomania directs PS2 should assume for each option. Investigating both options and determining the percentage of ownership aims for both options (i. e. equal joint control, majority control or minority control) needs to be undertaken. Therefore contract negotiations with potential JV partners must fit PS2. Based on ownership levels, the fifth problem would be how PS2 would staff its Chinese operation(s) if they decide to pursue the opportunities in China.Organisational structures, systems, and staffing need to be considered when determining the JV and the quislingism of staff. The sixth problem could be that the Chinese market is still in an emerging stage which brings about issues of lagged gain of industry in equipment casualty of research capabilities and techniques of treatment facilities even though the potential size of this market a ppears a decent size for small firms much(prenominal) as PS2. The seventh problem deals with antagonists (i. e. BEV) who withstand been seeking opportunities for geographical variegation which could saturate the market and put pressure on PS2.Competitor analysis and determination of future potential industry outcomes are needed to determine a long-term plan for PS2 to internationalise into China. Lastly, the modes of international involvement have previously been on a non-equity basis, in the form of equipment exporting, licensing and function contracts. The eighth problem is that PS2 has no experience in international expansion of an equity-based manner which could present unforeseen issues PS2 has non previously faced. Therefore determination of social club capabilities to set-up operation systems to effectively implement an equity-based entry will require copious assessments.Analysis and Application of forges 1)PESTEL Model (macro analysis) PS2 is no stranger to internat ional markets and is presented with the opportunity to enter the unfamiliar with(predicate) yet seemingly hypnotic Chinese market. An analysis of the Chinese market is necessary to determine the expansion viability. PESTLE is a model which can stick out comprehensive information about the macro-environment of the Chinese market and can help answer the problems of whether or not PS2 should enter the Chinese market and which option(s) to choose.Political Factors The Chinese governing body has realised and reached a consensus on the importance of prioritising environmental surety beyond a canonic insurance of country agenda from 2009. The Chinese recite Environmental Protection Agency spent $162. 5 billion on environmental protection in 2009 and the Chinese government strongly committed to the Stockholm assemblage on Persistent Organic Pollutants, which meant the government needed to pay more attention and spend more money on environmental protection (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 9).Furthermore, in 2010, the Chinese government claimed that $3 billion would be invested to oil investigation and oil remediation from 2011 to 2016 (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 10). Economic Factors In the past 30 years, economic information of China was rapid where the real GDP per capita rose from $220 in 1980 to $2,883 in 2010 and the annual growth rate was slightly 9% per annum (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 8). The huge economic development will provide galore(postnominal) opportunities for companies to enter. The Chinese economic environmental is still at the early stage nonetheless it has great potential to grow.Social Factors Environmental defilement has become a serious social issue facing the Chinese government due to its negative consequences on societys health. Around 410,000 heap die every year in China beca accustom of environmental pollution (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 9). Meanwhile, the number of protests related to environmental pollution increased with an annual rate of 29% in recent years (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 9). Technological Factors Chinas technological capabilities are not as unquestionable as other nations and causing lags in potential growth.TDU engine room is widely use in Chinas POP market. Compared with TDU, PS2s TPS technology has higher mobility. In China, the oil slant-eye industry is in its infancy so progress technologies are needed to propel development. Environmental Factors China is critically affected by environmental pollution with smogginess causing negative effects on worker attendance and outputivity. Environmental pollution has placed a burden on the countrys checkup system causing pressure on the government to solve the problem.Dumping of untreated oil sludge into pits or the fact that they were incinerated is also bad for the environment. Legal Factors The government is on its way to addressing environmental pollution. On one hand, it takes measures to reduce pollution. On the other hand, regulations have b een take a leakd in order to treat pollution prudishly such as the regulation to for gambol the traditional way to deal with the oil sludge, which can be positively charged for PS2 to compete in the market. Overall, the PESTEL model analyses the macro-environment of China. Generally the environmental industry of China is attractive.On one hand, China has seen huge economic growth so that the country has the ability to spend money on environmental protection. On the other hand, the economic development was made at the cost of the environment and people in China have been negatively affected by the environmental pollution, which means it is necessary to take measures to protect the environment. Moreover, the technology of the environmental industry in China is not developed. To sum up, the macro-environment of China is positive for companies to enter with advanced echnologies. Both the POP industry and oil sludge industry are at the early stage with great potential, so the externa l factors are positive for PS2 to pursue both options and enter into the Chinese market. 2)Porters Five Forces Model (micro analysis) The treatment of POP and industrial Sludge micro-industry analysis within China addresses the aspects which hirely lure PS2 and its competitive behaviour and responses. Porters Five Forces interact and determine an industrys attractiveness and profit potential.One problem PS2 can review to fetch a clear picture of whether they should enter the Chinese market in order to determine its viability and what forces offer potential attractiveness or barriers. Another problem PS2 can review is the competitive nature of the Chinese industry with potential opportunities or obstructions as well as varying competitor market intensity levels. Industry analysis will enable an overall assessment of the desirability to enter, difficulty to enter, and potential of the industry.Threat of New Entrants Low bane of new entrants as there are high barriers to entry whi ch would be difficult to overcome however regulatory changes are transforming industry operations. Both options would mean PS2 would have high start-up costs in conjunction with the JV as they would have high capital requirements for allocation of site locations and treatment facilities as well as high frozen(p) costs with the latest technology and transportation. The industry capabilities are specialised and require knowledge built through years of immersion in the industry.Legal barriers make entry more difficult to comply with environmental and legal policies which can restrict operations. Threat of Substitutes Low threat of substitutes as there are no direct substitutes to the raw materials used in operations, such as POP contaminated soil and oil sludge. As both soil and oil are intrinsic resources, the likelihood of substitutes are low however government pressures for preservation of environmental reserves means there are various substitute borderes towards conversation of soil and oil which would be dependent on technology and cost advantages.The ability to leaf between substitute processes is moderate however contracts with companies would limit the ability to switch as site locations grant permission to treatment of the resource. negociate Power of Buyers Low bargaining power of buyers as they have limited capacity to meet or produce natural resources, such as clean soil and oil on their own. There are a multitude of buyers who would purchase bigger volumes of either soil or oil however they would deprivation the ability to influence the products as the technological processes are highly specialised and restricted to government policies.Buyers do however have the ability to switch between similar operational organisations if switching costs and contract negotiations enable such business transactions. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Moderate-to-high bargaining power of suppliers as they are reliant on natural reserves that determine the allocatio n of such resources (soil and oil) to organisations. Governments and private organisations would need to wee permission for site allocation as well as importation of resources to potential buyers which can be a rigorous and costly task.The speciality of the resource and finite nature makes the bargaining power strong within the Chinese market. There are also other suppliers, such as the companies that supply PS2 with materials for their technology and devices. These suppliers have a high bargaining power as it is assumed that only specialised companies can provide PS2 with the materials and equipment that they need. The Threat of Competitive Rivalry Low-moderate threat of competitive rivalry as there are a few competitors in the market with various location sites, technological processes and operational capacity.The industry growth is immensely high with regulations and environmental outlooks encouraging preservation of natural resources (soil and oil) encouraging organisations to compete. There would be limited differentiation between resources however production and technological processes would ensure some differentiation enabling PS2 to apply such processes to deliver a competitive advantage in the Chinese market. Overall the POP and Industrial Sludge industry is moderately attractive as a majority of forces pose limited threats. The process systems between buyers nd suppliers are complex however power distribution is f shiply un-proportionate. The high barriers could be concerning however once entered into the market, the threat of substitutes and competitive rivalry is limited. Addressing the problems, PS2 has the ability to enter the market as it is attractive and can compete and differentiate with other competitors with the assistance of a JV. PS2 has TPS technology which has the ability to provide the Chinese industry with a highly unique and separate competitive alternative especially as the market has the capability for such treatment processes. ) SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis takes an overall approach to the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats presented to PS2 in the case. Specifically, the SWOT analysis can review the problem of whether or not PS2 should enter the Chinese market, which of the two options they should select, the feasibility of pursuing both options, ownership levels, the problem of competitors wanting to enter the international arena, and the fact that the market was still at an emerging stage. Strengths PS2 is no stranger to internationalisation into other markets with technology deployed in 14 countries in the past 15 years. -PS2 possesses internationally proven technology (TPS), the only one to be able to extract 90% of oil from industrial sludge (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 3). It is recognised as being world class for performance, reliability, mobility and its lack of harmful air emissions. -TPS technology can easily be deployed at fixed locations and has several(prenominal) advantages (sta ted in above point). -PS2 is well meet to the Nahai JV as they have global experience.Both owners have similar personalities and stories. A solid trust had already been developed and Nahai had solid assets with a wide range of permits already obtained. -The Government influence (NIES) has a degree of safety to it which reduces the risk of the project. They had extensive expertise and experience and had identify and inventoried 300+ sites in three provinces. This option also acted as a free advertising campaign for PS2. -Being an early entrant into the emerging market of remediation of POP-contaminated soil,PS2 would most likely enjoy first failr advantages. Weaknesses -The oil recovery from oil sludge market was fragmented and the industry was still in its infancy. -The cost of both JVs are expensive ($3 million each option). -For option one (POP-contaminated soils), the JV would need to design, engineer, manufacture and market TPS units in China for use in various regions of Chi na. -There is no batten that option one will work as the JV would need to design, plan, launch and bid for, operate and participate in projects in China. Some competitors already have the rights to other regions of China which will make it harder for PS2 to gain permissions to other line of businesss in China and cause competitive intensity in the industry. Opportunities -The contaminated soil market has opened up significantly since regulations imposed by governments required more adapted processing of soil. -China was becoming more environmentally aware making protection a priority. Previously fluff would be dumped, however now it can be treated with new regulations in some provinces. More sludge would be generated from increased oil imports which equates to more business for PS2. -Nahai was a leader in the area, have the only wastefulness management processing permit in the area, and had an excellent infrastructure. -If option two goes ahead, it opens the doors up for other opportunities like consulting services and applying the technologies to other move of China. Threats -The main threat is the issue of the JVs. Issues of control, management and staffing are present and could undermine PS2s abilities. Contaminated soil sites were widely dispersed across the country. The soils would and so need to be transported however this is not easy due to their bulk. New laws and regulations were expected to ban the importation of waste containing POPs from province to province. Based on the SWOT analysis, it appears that the strengths and opportunities outweigh the weaknesses and threats. From the model, it looks certain that indeed PS2 should enter the Chinese market, and pursue both options as it is feasible to pursue both options.Entering the market would beat either competitor in entering the Chinese market and may even deter them, hence eliminating the problem of competition. The problem that the market was at an emerging state helped PS2 as it was in a growth stage and this seems likely to continue. Regarding ownership levels, there seems to be a good fit between the two groups who PS2 would enter the JV with, so this should not be much of a problem. 4) VRIN Model In order to determine which option to pursue, or whether PS2 should choose to pursue both, the strategic capabilities and resources as a basis of competitive advantage must be explored.The internal capabilities will be examined, on base the required resources and capabilities to pursue an equity-based entry. Furthermore, company capabilities to set-up operation systems to effectively implement an equity-based entry will be determined. Value With the Chinese government understanding the current environmental concerns in their economy, a need for the protection of the environment was a priority for the government. Pollution was not only an issue, but posed a social issue to residents of the country.As a result, environmental protection became a basic state policy (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 9). Contaminated sites were randomly dispersed across China, and the mobility of PS2s TPS technology provided them with a possible competitive advantage in this market. This ease of use across the various sites in China was not something offered by PS2s competitors. Also, due to application of PS2s technology regardless of the POPs to be treated, the opportunity in China could allow them to compete in a $725 million market (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 0). The technology PS2 possesses offers set to the company and an entry into China could extract extra value for PS2 based on favourable policy changes. Rarity The history of the company, providing a management team with extensive knowledge of the industry, and the geographical experience possessed by these individuals provides PS2 with a supremely talented and knowledgeable workforce. With the president and CEO Paul Antles 25 years of experience behind him, his abilities to pursue projects have contributed to his many awards.He was recognised for his success as an entrepreneur, suggesting similar qualities to that of Nahais owner. This similarity, alongside an ability to direct and manage, provides PS2 with the advantage of identification with individuals and knowledgeable people to run such a project. Moreover, PS2 offered services on a fee-for-service basis creating a desirability surrounding their product and service Furthermore, their adoption of previous ways to raise capital, such as the Capital Pool Company program, and their insight into becoming a public company suggest that PS2 has been a strategic player in their ambition to create funds.All this confirms that the resources and capabilities that PS2 possesses are rare and hard to find in other companies within the industry. Inimitability The TPS technology differed to that of its competitors. It produced safe soil with an 85% decrease in volume that could be surrendered to the environment. The TPS process not only enabled the recover y of oil and other hydrocarbons for reuse or resale, but also generated its own provoke source to fire the system. Compared with incineration and land filling, TPS technology produced no harmful air emissions and no land and water pollutants.And finally, compared with incineration, the TPS process produces significantly fewer greenhouse gas emissions. The environmental benefits presented by this technology dealt with the current environmental concerns facing the Chinese government (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 3). This makes the TPS technology hard to imitate by any other competitor as there is no other technology that can retard its superiority. Non-substitutability There are always risks of competitors entering the market, but not necessarily substituting PS2s technology with the alike(p). Rather, competitors may enter the market and look to potentially enhance PS2s technology.The driving force behind PS2s technology is the development of a technology that allows for the protection of the environment (p. 6). This technology may only be substituted by the use of incineration or landfills, and if substituted, to the detriment of the environment (p. 6). These forms of substitution do not create the same outcome as that of PS2s TPS technology. The VRIN model explores the resources and capabilities currently possessed by PS2. Option one allows PS2 to enter a somewhat new market in China, allowing NIES to act as an agent for PS2s technology.Option one presents a lower level of risk for PS2, but in doing so, results in a lower level of return, contrary to option two. Option two allows a certain level of identification between the management team of Nahai, and PS2s current management team. This, alongside Nahais tangible resources, may present an attractive venture for PS2. Either option presents PS2 as a new, and highly competitive, entrant in the Chinese market. Therefore, the VRIN model confirms that PS2 may have a sustainable competitive advantage and should ther efore enter the Chinese market.Both options look suitable. PS2 currently has the required resources and capabilities to pursue an equity-based entry. 5) Organisational Configuration Model The organisational configuration model looks at six main elements in organisations and can be applied to PS2. Specifically, this model can review the problem of whether or not PS2 should enter the Chinese market, which of the two (if not both) options that they should select and whether PS2 possess the required resources and capabilities to pursue an equity-based entry.Leadership Paul Antle is the CEO of PS2 and leads a team of employees who all possess skills and abilities around the TPS technology. Nahais owner had a similar personality to Antle and was also an entrepreneur. They both identified with each other from the beginning, so there is definitely a match in regards to the leaders and their ways of thinking. They had a solid trust based on this. The NIES had made the first call to PS2 about their technology (based on the State Environmental Protection Agency of China) so it is accepted that the leaders somehow matched and got along well.Vision & Strategy PS2s strategy wanted to involve international geographic diversification to propel it to not just a domestic player, but an international one. This would at the same time improve their growth potential. Since both these opportunities were international expansions, it suited the strategy of PS2 and there was a match. Their vision was to become an international player and expand in more areas on new terms (equity basis) and these options to enter into China allowed them to do just that. Formal structures Antle as CEO leads his team of employees.Among these employees there are certain positions held such as marketing manager, operations manager and R&D manager. PS2 has a fairly rigid and hierarchical structure where certain people report to others above them. However, due to the small number of staff, there are quite fre quently vertical hierarchical jumps and everyone interacts with each other. Technology The Thermal Phase Separation (TPS) technology that PS2 possesses is an internationally proven technology which is the only one to be able to extract 90% of oil from industrial sludge (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 3).It is recognised as being world class for performance in regards to its reliability, mobility and its lack of harmful air emissions. It has been internationally proven and produces safe oil, enables the recovery of oil which can then be reused or resold. The technology produced no harmful air emissions, no land and water pollutants, and fewer green house gas emissions. This would be appreciated by the Chinese and their government in regards to recent policy changes and environmental protection developments. Processes At PS2, there exist several processes that act in harmony to accomplish tasks and achieve goals effectively and efficiently.There are processes that deal with inputs and outpu ts such as information, people and materials. There are also processes formed around customer service and after sales service for existing customers, new product development, order fulfilment as well as things like decision making and resource allocation. These could all be successfully employed in China. unaffixed structures As mentioned above, although the hierarchical structure exists and is respected by all employees, informal structures are present. These informal structures dont cause conflict as primarily it is the formal structure that employees follow.However, the CEO and management understand that sometimes it is easier to work with informal structures and that friendship groups work go with one another. For this reason, these structures exist and are grant by management to continue operating. This also leads to a higher motivated workforce. Based on the organisational configuration model that looks at six main elements of PS2, it appears that PS2 should enter the Chine se market as the leaders have good fit, the vision and strategy align with moving into global markets, and the technology is sufficient in regards to Chinas new environmental standards.Both options look suitable to be pursued. From the model, it appears that PS2 possess the required resources and capabilities to pursue an equity-based entry and therefore should enter the market. Evaluation of Alternatives Option 1 Remediation of POP-Contaminated Soil Some advantages of option 1 allow in -The total amount of high-density PCB waste was about 50,000 tons, a decent proportion of the low-density waste which was calculated to be 500,000 tons this was three times the amount of the Canadian PCB market (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 9). If the government improved its measures to protect the environment, the number of POPs in China would rear (currently a $470 million and the potential to be a $725 million market) (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 10). -The TPS technology differed to that of its compet itors the TPS process was able to produce safe soil with an 85% decrease in volume which could be returned to the environment (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 3). The TPS process not only enabled the recovery of oil and other hydrocarbons for reuse or resale, but also generated its own fuel generated its own fuel source to fire the system. Compared with incineration, the TPS process would produce less greenhouse gas emissions. -Compared with the TDU unit (the current technology from a competitor), PS2s TPS technological unit had higher mobility, which would be attractive to the Chinese market because there were numerous small contaminated sites in China. -PS2 would cooperate with NIES. NIES was a government agency so the risk of this project would be reduced significantly. NIES had extensive expertise and experience and had identified more than 300 sites in three provinces. This also acted as a free advertising campaign for PS2. Being an early entrant into the emerging market of remediati on of POP-contaminated soil, PS2 would most likely enjoy the first move advantages. -PS2 was involved in conducting market research with the Chinese government over the past one-and-a-half years, which meant PS2 had already gained experience cooperating with the Chinese government. The experience would be helpful if PS2 entered the Chinese market. Some disadvantages of option 1 include -The JV would need to design, engineer, manufacture and market the TPS units in China for use in various parts of China.There is no guarantee that this option will work as the JV would need to design, plan, launch and bid for, operate and participate in projects in China. -The JV would need an investment of about $3,000,000, which is a large investment for a company the size of PS2. Option 1 is attractive because the positive factors outweigh the negative factors for PS2. The Chinese market is huge and has great potential. Furthermore, PS2 has a competitive advantage to compete in the industry of reme diation of POP-contaminated soils.However, there are some risks that PS2 needs to take into account such as the big initial investment. Option 2 Oil Recovery from Oil Sludge Some advantages of option 2 include -Chinese oil sludge industry is large with treatment of 6. 1 million tons with Zhoushans facilities located close to costal oil terminals such as Aoshan Oil Terminal which is Chinas largest oil transhipment base (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 13). -New regulations in Chinese market is encouraging organisations not to dump but rather enforcing proper treatment to respond to environmental issues. Cooperation with Zhoushan Nahai Solid Waste Central Disposal Co. Ltd. (Nahai) in Zhejiang means PS2 would be in partnership with the largest and only permitted solid waste management system in the area of Zhoushan. -Nahai had become a leader in the management of hazardous waste and oil sludge in the Zhoushan area (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 13) therefore providing more tangible resources such as an oil storage facility, a waste oil recovery facility, bilge water treatment process and a solid waste destruction facility. The JV would expose PS2 to a greater window of opportunity through the capability of processing from 10,000 to up to 100,000 tonnes of unctuous sludge per year (Peng & Beamish, 2012, p. 13). -The ability to leverage off PS2s international management teams experience through development opportunities of processing oil sludge recovery into other regions of China. -The internationally recognised TPS technology provided by PS2 addresses the environmental concerns of the Chinese government, and thus, partnering with Nahai will present this JV as the preferred vendor for oil sludge recovery systems. PS2 is well suited to Nahai as they have global experience, similar personalities, he is an experienced entrepreneur and they identify with each other. Some disadvantages of option 2 include -The permit for waste management held by Nahai is only limited to the Zhous han area. While this area may contain a large potential of oil sludge remediation, gaining rights in other areas of China may pose an issue. -Some competitors already have the rights to other regions of China, thus gaining these permissions to other areas in China may be a drawback and saturate the industry. As Nahai is a privately owned company, and PS2 is a public company, the provisions between the two are not definite. This JV, as with any JV between a public and private company may present a lack of accountability and blur the distinctions with regards to risk, performance and funding. -The Chinese oil sludge industry is still in its infancy and is very fragmented due to various oil sludge generation locations making it difficult to expand operations into other regions. -The JV would need an investment of about $3,000,000, which a large investment for a company the size of PS2.When determining whether PS2 should enter into a JV with Nahai it is important to explore both the adv antages and disadvantages that exist. While there may be some disadvantages present, there are also advantages for PS2 to enter into a JVwith Nahai that will allow for the international growth and expansion of PS2. While it may not allow for the exploration of other suitable industries, such as research into outlandish environments, it does provide PS2 with substantial financial gain should they consider entering into this JV with Nahai.Recommendations and Conclusions Based on the above evaluation of alternatives, it appears that for both option one and option two, the advantages clearly outweigh the disadvantages. However, taking a closer look at both options, it appears option one has the same amount of advantages as option two but at the same time option one has far less disadvantages than option two. From this, it could be concluded that option one is perhaps better than option two in regards to which option PS2 should choose.Therefore option one is the better opportunity on fa ce value however this is not to say that option two is not viable as the analysis illustrates both provide high potential future prosperous outcomes for PS2. It is therefore recommended that PS2 enter both option one and option two, but at different times and stages. It is recommended that PS2 pursue and enter option one, the remediation of POP-contaminated soil first and foremost. The only negatives for pursuing this option is firstly the cost, which is a price of doing business and will need to be undertaken no matter how or where PS2 expands internationally.The next negative is that there is no guarantee that the JV will work, as PS2 has to do extra work such as bidding, planning, launching, operating and participating. Therefore an element of risk does exist, but the advantages and potential return outweigh this risk. The advantages consist of large amounts of PCB waste present, the fact that the TPS technology was different to any other company including its use (such as a high er mobility) and the environmental protection is enforced. Nevertheless, this does not mean that PS2 should not pursue the second option of oil recovery from oil sludge.Some of the major disadvantages deal with limited permits and areas where PS2 can use its technology, the fact that other competitors have the right to other regions of China, and possibly the problem of conflictions between the JV agreements as PS2 and Nahai are private and public respectively. There are though, more advantages than disadvantages, and stronger ones as well. For example, PS2 would be exposed to a greater opportunity, Nahai has a strong reputation and possesses the only permits in the area in question, the large oil sludge industry and the fact that both PS2 and Nahai had similar founders with similar personalities.From the evaluation of alternatives, option one is preferred, but option two still appears viable. Therefore, it is recommended the corporate level strategy is to enter into option one and be monitored based on the above conclusions. Entering both options at the same time is unrealistic and would arise financial strain on PS2. It seems a more strategic move would be to pursue option one and monitor it in terms of its financial performance return on equity and return on investment as well as its success. If it is successful and some of the expenses are recuperated, this could be used for potential enter into option two.Therefore, it is recommended that an entry into option two is followed by the entry of option one at a later stage (based on the assessment outcomes of option one). If however option one is a failure and there is no return on the $3 million, option two will not be pursued. Further, it is also recommended that PS2 embark on a new operational level strategy of hiring additional employees and expanding resources required to increase the probability of any entrance into China ending in a successful move for PS2.It is expected that any move into China will require a collaboration of resources with the JV and further employees to cope with the increase in activities and make sure the entry runs smoothly. The increase and hiring of new staff should specifically involve potential employees who have some cross-cultural experience and perhaps even some business experience within China. Reference Peng, G. Z. , 2012, Phase Separation Solutions (PS2) The China Question, Richard Ivey direct of Business, The University of Western Ontario, p. 1-18

Riordan Manufacturing Recommendations

History of Riordan Manufacturing Riordan Manufacturer is a global producer of plastics. They operate in four locations, three in the United States and one countersink in the Peoples Republic of China. Riordans United States plastic products include beverage containers produced in Atlanta, Georgia and custom plastic parts in Pontiac, Michigan. The Hangzhou, China plant produces plastic fan parts and corporate headquarters is in San Jose, California, (Apollo Group, 2006).Riordan Manufacturing is looking for to update their Sales and Marketing Department with the unexampledest and latest packet recommendations. The following is a summary of the history, current set up of the plane section and a recommendation of the upgrade. Riordan is attempting to consolidate customer schooling to deliver more to the customer. Riordan Manufacturing has a combined sales and marketing system, which include many databases, paper files, and microfiche. The sales and marketing systems atomic number 18 obsolete ground on todays standards of structured information steering.The information available to consolidate into a CRM includes Sales history Previous marketing research files, marketing plans, and design awards Sales records Production files Statements of gelt and loss by item and group Marketing budget, activities in marketing communications and expenditures marketing research. Marketing Research, Marketing Plans, and Design Awards The marketing department wants to physique a database of past knowledge. Plans and results from past research studies stored in the marketing department.In the lobby, a showcase displaying the various design awards earned by the marketing department. The go with is looking at the possibility to hire a student part-time to scan the documents. The Riordan has 20 major customers, including government contracts, and 12 minor customers. Using a compartmentalization of tools, each member of the sales group maintains customer records. The vari ous types of record guardianship is paper and pencil, Act softwargon, a hybrid. The firm is evaluating a new corporate CSM system to help the new selling team that ordain soon be in exploit.The goal for the marketing budget is to reach the $50 one thousand million revenue mark. This is a collaboration effort by Dr. Riordan and the executive team, which incorporates in set of line motorbuss closest to the day-to-day operations. The two objectives that Riordan hoped to achieved is increasing sales force promotions to development sales to existing customers, price discounts, and customer user group service of processs and, implementing public coincidences, trade shows, brand development, and sales force promotions to expand sales to new customers. Recommendations for Sales and MarketingIt is recommended that Riordan update or upgrade the current system to a more user friendly, up-to-date, and efficient system that give allow an effective wait on of keeping historical, sales and marketing records for future planning. To assist the Marketing and Sales departments in keeping up with the daily intake of information a controversy of the following software could be implemented * Oracle Sells applications that leverage Oracles database technology to provide CRM systems * SAP CRM application part of SAP Business Suite * Microsoft Microsoft kinetics CRM.A modular system, which can purchase different components based on specific ask. Expands into an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system (Microsoft, 2010). * Sage SalesLogix CRM done by a popular accounting systems producer (Sage, 2010). * SalesForce CRM A software as a service/Cloud computing-based system. (Apollo Group, 2003, 2004, 2006) Human Resources Information SystemsRiordans HRIS system was set up in 1992, part of the pecuniary systems that keep excision of employee information, rate of pay, exemptions, date of hire, seniority based on date of hire, which is difficult and different than the h ire date, managers name, department information, and non-exempt vacation time. Managers submit a form for changes to the employee information and then entered by the payroll clerk into the system. Microsoft Excel is employ to keep records on training and development. Recruiters maintain information for each open position within Riordan.All resumes are filed in a central location and Excel is used to track application status. A third-party manages the Workers requital and keeps records at that location, not Riordan. Each manager keeps employee information for that department, which there is no central location for keeping these files. Managers are responsible for tracking all FMLA absences and any ADA recommendations. Excel spreadsheets are used for the compensation manager for job analyses, surveys on salary and compensation decisions on individuals.Specialists in the employee relation department keep track of complaints, harassment complaints, grievances, and all other employee relation information and, are then filed and locked in the employee relation department. Recommendations for Human Resources Information Systems Riordan has a diverse set of needs spread over four locations, one of which is an international factory that is located in China. This go out require the HCM software to be flexible to handle different culture and regulatory environments.Also the system will piss to be able to capture information form a diverse set of archival media. This is not limited to digital information plainly vast amounts of paper files will need to be integrated into the system. System that are complex will have specialized technical skills to deploy, customize, and maintain its operations. As well as experts to provide training for our personal. ultimately careful devotion must be given to the existing processes and the final results of the project.Because HCRM service are going to be provided company wide careful consideration as to the capabilities of the program to adapt to different culture mores and holidays is a must Also, the go that are provided to employees need to be available in the local languages of the countries that they reside. To strike this provider of the software must be fluent in both countries of operation. They should also have an established presence in both countries to provide service in and by local professionals.Riordan has a long history of data for its operations many of the records are stored in paper files and legacy office products that are rapidly nearing their production life. As such in order to pull historical data for strategic planning the system will need to pull in data form a wide range of active and archival sources. Providers who have a long history will often have feel with these both with their own products and that of their competitors. As a manufacturing company of plastic parts and bottles there is a fair chance that the company will not have the skills required for such an undertaki ng.So the provider must be established in the market to have spawned a large pool of expert professionals that have used its solution. This will help in negotiating service and training contracts. Therefore, we recommend that we open negotiations with a few of the larger information technologies companies that provide these services. To that end we would suggest IBM as a well cognize systems integrator with extensive Business Intensiveness Product lines with offices in both countries (IBM, 2010). Second, is SAP this company has a well known product line and is also an international company (SAP, 2010).Others that may be of interest are Oracle and Microsoft. Research and Development Riordan manufacturing research and development department tests new products, evaluates new chemicals, polymers, and dyes used in the manufacturing process. The research and development is currently working on the production of a pyramid bottle project and a CardiCare Valve proof-of-concept. Only a small amount of raw materials and components needed to build proof-of-concept models with new product development.Because the research and development department deals with small amounts of raw materials orders are shipped by truck and received at the main entrance. Logistics The operations and logisticals systems at Riordan is a company quickly moving from a small research company working in polymers to a company that manufactures and distributes polymer products nationally and internationally. Whereas Riordans past operations and logistics systems have served them in the past, there is evidence that it is time to upgrades these systems.The current procedures for take stock operations consist of raw materials received by the area supervisor, physically comparing shipping documents to a scheduled orders receiving report, unloading the material, handing the log to the receiving clerk. The inventory clerk must manually enter the information to the system. During the manufacturing process , the inventory clerk enters the information of raw materials into the system to track the inventory. Recommendations for Operations and Logistics A recommendation that Riordan could implement in to their operations and logistic system would be from Operations Concepts, Inc.The Warehouse Management System/Transportation Management System. Logistics System provides an assessment of detailed logistics operations, study of logistic processes, detailed functional specification development, solicit system vendors, system demonstration, proposal, and presentation reviews. OCI also assists in vendor selection, exporting and clean up of data, development of soldiers interface, configuration and detailed design rules application, project management software, and training and post Go-Live support.OCI assists with a detailed review of operations, activities, processes, data coverage of various functional areas including inspection, receiving, put away, picking, replenishment, shipping, transf ers, and inventory management. OCI Project Management Services support clients in implementing and improving changes in environmental study. OCI professional handle various environments within a workplace such as union, non-union, government, military, regulated industries, and bioscience industries.The operation and logistics systems at Riordan must be upgraded to ensure consistent customer service across all manufacturing plants in the United States and China. A review of the existing operation and logistic system currently deployed at Riordan require a software system and vendor that will automate most of the current processes and provide expertise. By implementing the recommended operation and logistic system, Riordan will be able to meet its customers expectations, delivery, and time schedules. Riordan sanctioned IssuesThe potential lawful issues that Riordan Manufacturing management needs to be aware of are the implications on design, manufacturing, the supply chain, and di stribution of their product. Another potential legal issue that Riordan Manufacturing needs to be aware of is ethical issues in the workplace. Riordan Manufacturing is a global business its management needs to consider the wide ranges of issues, including acceptable working conditions, minimum net levels, product safety issues, and environmental protection.Riordan Manufacturing should consider developing a legal strategies plan, which is a fundamental part of a business formation and strategic operation (Nickels W. G. , McHugh J. M. , McHugh, S. M. , 2005). Incorporating legal planning into the business planning process would allow them to plan strategies for operations to minimize risks arising from legal and regulatory sources (Nickels W. G. , McHugh J. M. , McHugh, S. M. , 2005). Ultimately, the additional planning would protect their governance better.Potential legal issues for Riordan Manufacturing can include a multiple of subjects because of Riordans position as a manufactu rer and research and developer of plastics with sites in various states as well as China. These issues can cover the basic areas like wrongful lawsuits, to tax laws as well and human resources issues. However, other areas not normally thought of require looking at and this is why the Riordan legal team needs to be vigilant in keeping up-to-date in a multiple of areas. One of the major areas of legal issues that Riordan must invest in is that of patents.Patenting Riordans property is imperative because not only does it protect Riordans property from making, using, selling or even importing an initiation for a period of 20 years from the filing date of the first patent application (Gilcrest, 2008, Patent Strategies in Times of Economic Downturn, para. 3 ), but it protects income that can be made by license income royalties. However, the process of patenting an innovation of Riordan can be time-consuming as well as costly, and with this, Riordans legal team needs to be well up-to-date in patent laws.With a manufacturer partner in China and items sold in both countries, it will be important for the legal team to be up-to-date in the patent laws in both countries. Another area that Riordans legal team must be up-to-date is that of the changing laws throughout the country and the individual states. California for instance is introducing a new bill that would ban non-compostable and non-recyclable food service case this includes plastic containers for beverages. Riordans legal team needs to be aware of the changing laws in any state and country Riordan is to do business in and ground sure the companys products ill continue to be compliant. Recommendations for Riordan Legal Issues Riordan Manufacturings legal matters are the responsibility of Lowell Bradford, Chief Legal Counsel. Mr. Bradford uses his knowledge and experience, or the advice from attorneys at Litteral and Finkel to answer legal questions from department heads. The law firm of Litteral and Finkel is on a monthly retainer to ensure prompt responses to legal questions. Each month, Riordan pays legal fees and excess charges against the retainer fee.Litteral and Finkel have an international network of offices providing legal services in all areas of the law for Riordan. Aquiring offices internationally, they can provide immediate legal services anywhere in the world. Riordan mesa of Directors is responsible for governing and managing the business affairs of Riordan for the benefit of its shareholders. Board members must be knowledgeable about the industry, have pecuniary experience, be available to participate, and be able to serve at the level of a Board member of Riordan.The Board is responsible for selecting new members recommended by the nominating address Committee. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chairman of the Board go through an election process by the Board. Riordans operations and size determines the membership of the Board. Board murder is determined by usi ng a self-assessment with the assistance of the Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee an auditing committee presents performance and effectiveness of the Board activities. A Board member may loose or be removed when there is a conflict of interest.Based on the best interest of the company, the Board may accept or reject the composure request. Board members must attend at least three quarters of annual Board meetings and should report their absences to the Board Secretary. The Chairman of the Board establishes the agenda based on the requests of other Board members or the CEO. The board secretary will distribute agenda items, reports, presentation, and information three days before the Board meeting. The Board is required to have a minimum three committees for the life of the Company. The committees are Executive, Auditing, and Nominating.The Board can create new committees and select committee members based on the recommendation of the Chairman of the Board and with the a pproval of the Board. The frequency of committee meetings, duration, and agenda will be the responsibility of the Committee Chairman. The Board is responsible for operations and financial activities. Riordan Board of Directors designates the authority to operate the company through its designated senior managers. If it is in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders, the Board has the right to remove senior management (Riordan Mfg.Legal Overview, 2003, 2004, 2006). References Apollo Group, I, (2003, 2004, 2006).University of Phoenix Business Material. Retrieved April 5, 2010, from Riordan Manufacturing https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Riordan/RioMfgHome002. htm University of Phoenix. (2010). Riordan Manufacturing Inc. Computer Software. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, Simulation, BSA502 website. SAP (2010) SAP Worldwide Sites.Retrieved May 11, 2010 from http//www. sap. com/contactsap/countries/index. px IBM (2010)New Intelligence, Why dat a mattersand what you can do with it Retrieved Ma7 11, 2010 from http//www. ibm. com/smarterplanet/us/en/business_analytics/ideas/index. html? sa_campaign=message/leaf1/corp/smarterplanet/intelligence Apollo Group, . (2008).

Al Muerzo Resto Bar

He is the topical General Manager of Shanghai-La Hotel in Manila. A She calibrated com lauded at Southern Luzon State university, finished her suppress degree major in culinary arts. Currently the executive of golden dragon restaurant. , CYRIL He graduated at Southern Luzon State University. Major in bartering and cocktail mixing. He is the current owner of cheers and Jump He graduated at Southern Luzon State university, major in housekeeping mane alms to be the singular premier organization of casual dining Mexican restaurant.To serve freshly prepared high feeling Mexican food in a relaxed and Steve atmosphere by a friendly and knowledgeable staff. We entrust do so by providing our thickening with the most entertaining dining experience in sense of smell of Mexican cuisine. Toys sounds, energy, fun and flavors of being part of Lucian, Guenon that is so rich and colorful. We bring home the bacon also who pee with us a friendly, hospitable, cooperative and rewarding environm ent which is the best character of being Lucian.Our vision is to provide the extraordinary flavor of Mexican, the premium quality food at a reasonable price with the cargo of promoting a unique twist of tastiness n every bite. Introduce the flavor and culture of a Mexican food item and refreshment. Is innovating the new food experience for Lucian though the constant pursuit of perfection. put forward the hygiene and good facilities of restaurant and using the alternative materials for the better of Lucian, Guenon in no elastic policy.We strive to bring our guest the ultimate dining experience though excellent food, outstanding client service and genuine hospitality. Is a place where people who truly enjoy real and authentic Mexican cuisine will find an enormous and extensive selection of dishes, appetizer, desserts and drinks from a various part of Mexico. Offers their guest very Mexicans experience ambiance even if where located in Lucian, Guenon, decorated a Mexican style, with glinting colors pleasing to the eye, plants, fine art, music, and paper-art found in Mexicans festivals.