The Effects of Political Parties on a Democracy Essay...

The Effects of Political Parties on a Democracy There are indeed several aspects in the composition of political parties that threaten democracy in the UK, whilst other aspects may promote democracy. Careful analysis must be done in order to establish to what extent either is true. On the one hand, it may be argued that parties in fact promote democracy for a variety of reasons. Firstly, they assist the electorate by offering them a coherent choice, allowing people to vote democratically. Rather than the electorate having to choose between several members of each party, and having to place votes for central government subsequent to placing local constituency votes, voting is made simple and†¦show more content†¦In 1997, New Labour capitalised on the number of women who were elected, establishing the impression that the party is ‘female friendly’. The Conservative party is also aiming to recruit more women and ethnic minority candidates in time for the upcoming general election in May 2005. It has also given higher platforms to those women already elected: Several years ago, Theresa May was appointed as party chairman. Not only by modernising themselves to represent current populations in Britain, parties also modernise themselves by gen erating new ideas for changing times. The labour party is the most famous for adapting its policies and ideology. Labour changed its name to ‘New Labour’ under the leadership of Tony Blair in 1997, to reflect these radical changes. At this time Labour chose to adapt its policies, and lose a lot of its socialist values. Under ‘Old Labour’ state ownership was held under high regard. But after Thatcher’s privatisation of state businesses, Labour acknowledged that it would be dangerous to radically reform businesses and bring them back under state ownership, thus they modernised their policies adapting them to the New Britain, by sticking to privatisation which had been warmly received. This promotes democracy, as policies are adapted to suit the electorate, rather than parties imposing unwanted, outdated ideologies upon itsShow MoreRelatedTo what extent do political parties promote democracy?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿To what extent do political p arties promote democracy? (25 marks) Political parties have many functions, one of which is to uphold the principles of a democratic political system. A democratic political system is one which involves various features, such as a peaceful transition of power from one government to another, free and fair regular elections, people having open access to independent information, government accountability to the people and representative institutions and that the governmentRead More‘We must recognize that representative democracy has failed, both politically and judicially as1500 Words   |  6 Pages‘We must recognize that representative democracy has failed, both politically and judicially as well as socially. As a consequence, we must return to the fundamental meaning of ‘democracy,’ the power of the demos to govern itself. Just as the dictatorship of the proletariat rapidly became the dictatorship over the proletariat, so modern democracy quickly became a power exercised over the demos. In r eality the people have no power. They neither make the laws no govern.’ – Jacque Ellul (1992)Read MoreElectoral Systems and the Political Parties1416 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A political party is a political group that is known officially to be part of the electoral process that is able to support a candidate for elections on a regular basis. Political parties as well as elections tend to play a significant role in the politics analysis in countries across the world (especially developing countries) as well as in democratization and consolidating democratic political regimes. Political parties and elections are usually used as a scale for measuring the extentRead MoreDemocracy : A Perfect Democracy1398 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy at its purest form is a system of government, which allows each and every citizen to participate actively and equally in the decisions being made. In a perfect democracy, the decisions made the government are perfect representations of what the people want. In reality, a perfect democracy is nearly impossible, especially when dealing with a population as large as the United States, but there are still techniques and systems t hat can be implemented into a society in which democracy can beRead MoreIndian Democracy1376 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States of America, aptly defined democracy as a government of the people, by the people and for the people. Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States of America, aptly defined democracy as a government of the people, by the people and for the people. This definition clearly underlines the basic tenet that, in this- form of government, people are supreme. The ultimate power is in their hands and they exercise it in the form of electingRead MoreThe Quality Of Contemporary Chilean Democracy1657 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Augusto Pinochet. His defeat in the 1988 plebiscite spurred a transition back to democracy. The first presidential election was held in 1990 and the winner, Patricio Alywin, undertook a series of measures aimed at strengthening the country’s democracy. Despite Chile’s improvements, representation of grassroots organizations, women, and mass sectors of society has remained limited. A successful democracy provides equal opportunities and resources for all citizens to be heard and representedRead MoreThe Benefits and Problems of Democracy1750 Word s   |  7 PagesThe benefits and Problems with Democracy In the famous words of Sir Winston Churchill, â€Å"No one pretends that democracy is perfect or all-wise. Indeed, it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.† As a staunch supporter of democracy, Churchill is admitting that although there may be a variety of flaws in a democratic government, it is still a far more suitable choice of governing as opposed to alternate formsRead MoreThe Importance of External Influences in Building a Democracy1315 Words   |  6 PagesInfluences in Building a Democracy In Democracy in the Third World, Robert Pinkney analyzed circumstances that have been important in the past for building a democracy for current democratic regimes. Pinkney studies seven comparatives and their theories for the cause and effect of democracy and identifies their pros and cons. The most important of these conditions stands in the external influences and foreign participation in building the state as a democracy of a non-democraticRead MoreChinese Population And Its Effect On China1700 Words   |  7 PagesIf â€Å"democracy† is a term that sounds so familiar to many Western countries, the concept, on the other hand, does not adhere a same value in developing countries, especially for China. In fact, Chinese population is heavily under the effect of democratization resistance for many reasons, including but not limit to (1) the government’s own definition and version of democracy (2) Chinese’s long historical factors and unique cultures, (3) different political philosophy and (4) whether is developed orRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Democracy882 Words   |  4 Pages Democracy means rule by the people. In democracy citizens exercise political power and express their opinions on the issues facing them. Politicians come from the ranks of the citizenry and represent the best interests of the citizens they represent. The people are the one’s i n control and that means uncertainty is the only thing certain. Western Democracy has a long and proud tradition from ancient Athens to the Roman Republic through the renaissance and into the modern world where liberal democracy

Is Collaborative Learning Improve The Academic Performance...

What (do you intend to do?) I intend to research whether the concept of collaborative learning will promote learning and progress with SEN students, and whether the social interaction of learners will encourage cognitive development in special needs students to reach higher levels of thought than they would independently. I intend to focus and examine the following questions: 1. Does collaborative learning improve the classroom experience for SEN students? 2. Does collaborative learning improve the academic performance for SEN students? 3. How do SEN students perceive the value of social interaction on their learning? ‘Collaborative learning is an educational approach to teaching and learning that involves groups of learners working together to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product. Collaborative learning is based on the idea that learning is a naturally social act in which the participants talk among themselves. It is through the talk that learning occurs.’ Collaborative learning allows learners to be actively involved and engaged in their own learning, rather than expected to simply absorb knowledge from being lectured by a teacher. The grouping of SEN learners with other learners in theory should encourage cognitive development, promote critical thinking and create increased interest. The shared learning and social interaction will give the SEN learners the opportunity to actively engage in discussions, to exchange ideas and converse with otherShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Career Counseling And The Effect Of Ethnic Discrimination Are Mutually Exclusive Events?891 Words   |  4 Pagesevents. There are a number of shared problems associated with the counseling of students who have learning disabilities, including the lack of training of the counselors, inappropriate policies, and the negative attitude of stockholders towards the counseling programs. Lan argues and Levinson Palmer are prone towards the fact that the problems of th e SEN students are different from that of general education students. Therefore, the approaches for both must be different. All of these perspectivesRead MoreTitle: What does personalised learning mean in practice? Analyse the learning needs of EAL pupils, and those of SEN pupils.6874 Words   |  28 Pagespersonalised learning mean in practice? Analyse the learning needs of EAL pupils, and those of SEN pupils. Discuss how the needs you identify can be met most effectively in subject teaching. Within this context over the past ten years’ the term ‘personalised learning’ gained political capital and could be considered as a defining feature of the UK’s educational system. (Miliband 2004) Personalised learning – theory and practice The Sussex report states personalised learning is ‘characterisedRead MoreHistory of Chinese Students Studying Abroad or in the U.S.2835 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction: history of Chinese students studying abroad in U.S. The history of Chinese students studying in American universities dates back to the mid-1850s, when the first student, Yung Wing, graduated from Yale University in 1854 (Bartlett and Fischer Para. 8). After that. Qin Dynasty starts sending Chinese students to learned new sciences and technologies and we called â€Å"Westernization Movement†. The educational missions to the US were organized in the 1870s to train specialists who would createRead MoreEnglish as an Additional Language Essay3350 Words   |  14 PagesSupport 11 A Supportive Classroom Environment 11 The Teacher’s Role in Supporting EAL Learners 12 English as an Additional Language (EAL) TEACHING STUDIES ASSIGNMENT: Introduction â€Å"Effective adaptation of learning and teaching strategies and careful consideration of learning needs are essential to maximise EAL learners’ inclusion in classroom activities†. This report will examine this statement in relation to Design amp; Technology classrooms in the secondary school. What are Schools’Read MoreOppositional Defiant Disorder Case Studycase Study4246 Words   |  17 PagesChildren with special educational needs (SEN) are poor attendees, the EWB investigate the causes and implement ways to improve the learning environment for everyone involved. The Equal Status Act 2000 promotes equality for anyone legally entitled to education and obliges providers to do all that is reasonable to accommodate the needs of persons with a disability. It prohibits discrimination on nine different grounds, disability being one of them. People with SEN are entitled to attend any course theyRead MoreOppositional Defiant Disorder Case Studycase Study4258 Words   |  18 PagesChildren with special educational needs (SEN) are poor attendees, the EWB investigate the causes and implement ways to improve the learning environment for everyone involved. The Equal Status Act 2000 promotes equality for anyone legally entitled to education and obliges providers to do all that is reasonable to accommodate the needs of persons with a disability. It prohibits discrimination on nine different grounds, disability being one of them. People with SEN are entitled to attend any course theyRead MoreResearch Capabilities of Teacher Education Students10725 Words   |  43 Pagessolved. These findings are basically true in every field of endeavor, particularly in the field of education. Studies have shown that the Philippine Educational System is besieged with many unresolved problems affecting primarily the teaching-learning process. However, it is sad to note that despite the educators’ awareness as to the existence of such problems only very few are ready to take the step and the initiative to search for answers. This reluctance to look for possible solutions may perhapsRead Moreptlls assignment Essay7948 Words   |  32 Pagesto teach in the lifelong learning sector) - PTLLS The following are headings for broad areas students will have to research to show evidence of competence in PTLLS. GROUP A: Roles and responsibilities and relationships in lifelong learning GROUP B 1: Understanding inclusive learning and teaching in lifelong learning GROUP B 2: Using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in lifelong learning GROUP D: Principle of assessment in lifelong learning Each group (Group ARead MoreDescribe with Examples How Schools May Demonstrate and Uphold Their Aims:14953 Words   |  60 Pagesallocate places if the school has more applications than places. (Such as catchment area). Community schools look to develop strong links with local community, sometimes offering use of their facilities and providing services like childcare and adult learning classes. | Foundation Schools and Trust Schools | Foundation schools are run by their own governing body, which employs the staff and sets the admission criteria. Land and building are usually owned by the governing body or a charitable foundationRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr8791 Words   |  36 Pages(Arikan and Gà ¼ner, 2013). Thus, it is logical to assume C-C identification plays similar role along the path from CSR to other customer related outcomes, such as purchase intention. According to Luo and Bhattacharya (2006), CSR has the potential to improve corporate image that is able to attract customers. Swaen and Chumpitaz (2008) found that ethical and responsible image of a company helps the formation of long-term relationship because of stakeholders’ trust that the company’s action will be believable

Graduate level Free Essays

There are a number of distinctive HER policies and procedures which elevate DEW as a preferred employer by employees. DEW has several mentoring programs which support the development and training of new staff. The programs are an Important way to engage new hires into the DEW culture, and this could be their first professional job out of college (Trademarks Animation, n. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduate level or any similar topic only for you Order Now D. ). In a 2010 interview, Trademarks Animation’s Head of HER is Daniel Sweethearts stated, â€Å"In a rapidly growing environment, that can be difficult for a new person to grasp because it can all be overwhelming† (Burns Sweethearts, 2010). The Animation film industry Is a complex business with a lot of â€Å"moving† parts. DEW flimflamming Is a timely and expensive undertaking which starts with someone’s Idea and storyboards (Wolff, 2003). This production will involve many people who steer the process?from the in- house staff, freelance writers, technology, and their reference library of other work. The animated production process, creating storyboards, writing and revising scripts, drafting artwork, character creation, for a â€Å"full-length feature film can take approximately three to four years† (Trademarks Animation, 2011). This extensive recess also employs â€Å"small collaborative teams that are responsible for preparing storyline and ideas for the initial stages of development† (Trademarks Animation, 2011). During these intense early stages of a project new hires are placed in mentoring initiative program. Mentoring supports the overall project while also providing direction to the newest staff members. Thus, â€Å"ensuring that ideas follow the best creative path within a desired budget and schedule parameters† (Trademarks Animation, 2011). The first 90 days are In orientation, but afterwards new employees are trained on the DEW â€Å"proprietary software† and attend â€Å"welcome session hosted by CEO Jeffrey Guttenberg† (Henchman, 201 AAA). There are many different mentoring programs at DEW. These programs primarily focus on recruitment of mid-level talent, new college graduates, entry level professionals, and the highly specialized (Trademarks Animation, n. D. ). All of the DEW mentoring programs pair the new hire with an experienced staff member. The Henchman (AAA) article, discusses a recent graduate In the DEW mentoring program. The trainee Is a Visual Artist, named Each Glenn, and Is coming up on the end of his training (AAA). Henchman (AAA) continues describing, the Visual Artist’s downtime allowed him to be able to help his mentor, who was having difficulties on a â€Å"snowball† scene (AAA). The mentor asked for suggestions, and the trainee had a chance to learn more about the scene while helping (Henchman, AAA). The trainee Each, explained, â€Å"I’d show him what I’d come up with, and he’d show me what he had been doing. So we Just kept that process up, and coming over to each other’s desk and showing the progress we had until we merged these little effects into the snowball† (Henchman, AAA). Mentoring examples like this show how there is a great opportunity for learning from both the trainee and the mentor. This also levels the playing field and allows the trainee to feel they are a â€Å"peer† with equal status. There are mentoring programs that DEW uses to recruit entry level graduates and then pair them with the seasoned employees. One of the mentoring programs Is scouts potential new talent in â€Å"Art/illustration, Design, Character Animation, Computer Graphics, and Media Studies graduates from colleges and universities around the globe† (Trademarks Animation, n. D. ). In addition to the scouting, they also offer training programs and coaching for these entry level positions. DEW also offers in-house digital training and artistic development training programs available for all employees. There is another outreach mentoring program for entry level professionals and recent college graduates referred to as the â€Å"Challenges/ Initiatives† that select new hire to participate in one of four (4) different programs; The Story Initiative Program, Character FIX Initiative, FIX Challenge, and Character AD Challenge (Trademarks Animation, n. D. ). These four mentoring programs offer a broad range f topics and discussions on; how an animated film pipeline is organized, the principles of animation, interpreting character designs, and how to incorporate them into the animation process. Each of these training program initiatives supports the trainees learning in the specific areas chosen. The program’s training objectives are implemented over the first 90 to 180 days, depending on the program. The mentor programs pair a trainee with a seasoned and specialized mentor. The trainee has to perform duties in a simulated training environment. The training environment is identical but separate from the real projects that the mentor is on. The mentor observes the trainees activity, and the decisions made. The environment is parallel where the trainee can experience the same challenges as the mentor. The trainee has to use their independent Judgment and their skills Just as they would have to if working on the actual project. This trainee environment provides these rich opportunities, which are â€Å"Critical to the success and learning new and potentially foreign concepts, but also the ability to work within a production team environment and seek advice from experts (Trademarks Animation, n. D. ). In addition, this is all appending in a training environment, so there is more flexibility and time to discuss situations where the trainee wants clarification. Additional concepts discussed include key ideas important to the deformation process, programming procedural controls, and techniques to successfully present ideas and results to both creative and technical audiences (Trademarks, 2014). Data’s mentoring program seems to go beyond the entry-level and middle staff to the higher levels of the executive suite. Several DEW female executives served on a panel. The ladies’ group was called the Bay Area Women in Film Media, and the event was at Trademarks. All women panel of DEW executives discussed workplace culture and described how it was to work in a male dominated field. Each executive description of Data’s culture was supportive, fun, rewarding, and better than other studios they had worked. There was one unidentified executive who was speaking about being a woman in DEW â€Å"Mans world† and she enjoyed working with the men, and it was special to work with Spielberg (Cited). Implications Trademarks Animation’s Head of HER is Daniel Sweethearts, and his team performs mid-project reviews and boasts a 97% retention rate (Henchman, Bibb). After 90 says the employee is brought in for a meeting with HER to discuss â€Å"best practices,† experiences elsewhere† (Henchman, Bibb). This HER practice of meeting face to face after 90 days for their feedback, can help improve nonbinding, and also relays an important message to the employee. The new employee has a forum for two-way communications and a valued as a new member of the team. This communication forum is important as it is early in their DEW career and will likely set the tone. DEW provides resources for new staff to engage and to better get acclimated. There are also employee training programs to help increase employee knowledge base. For the technologists, they have established in-house digital training and artistic development training programs. In order to recruit and retain talented creative and technical personnel, they have established relationships with the top animation schools and industry trade organizations (Trademarks, n. D. ). Sweethearts, describes how the mentoring at DEW can forge a â€Å"tribal connection† between the new hire and the veteran, when it is done early in the menthe’s employment (Henchman, Bibb). This employee investment at all staffing levels is a way for employers to demonstrate their support of the employees. Experts agree; companies must make their employees feel engaged and help them feel like they are performing meaningful work (Rickets, 2008). It seems employees are â€Å"sensitive† and will â€Å"react† positively or not positively according to the treatment they perceive their employer gives them. Corporate HER consulting expert explains, â€Å"If an organization does not make conscious efforts to not only onboard new team members, but also to create cultural moments that give them an experience?not Just the language?of the vision, then it is very difficult for them to feel bonded† (Elliot, 2013). It can be seen how Trademarks Animation integrates the experience of their seasoned mentors to train new staff. They also are able to recruit and retain employees, with their â€Å"established relationships with the top animation schools and industry trade groups† (Trademarks Animation Form ASK, 2011). From Straightness’s discussion, part of the importance of mentoring the newest staff is to help them understand and learn Data’s culture and also to coach them in handling projects. He also mentions, â€Å"many of these individuals will go on to be leaders within DEW while others may go on to be leaders in the Animation Industry’ (Henchman, Bibb). Sweethearts says, â€Å"We hire so many experienced people that we get lots of interesting ideas from other companies,† and add, â€Å"we hire a good number of recent graduates, so we get fresh eyes†(Henchman, Bibb). The resources that DEW puts into training new hires and pairing them with senior level employee shows they want to invest in their staff. This type of investing in staff with mentoring programs, training programs, and two way communication can be plenty reasons they are a â€Å"great place to work,† and other companies can learn to invest in staff development an result in ordainment. Properly training staff will initially require more resources, manpower, and management coordination, but in the long run the company outperforms the competition. Research supports the idea that those companies that outperform their competition have also retained their most talented employees (Fuller, Gerhard Scott, 2003). This further adds to the point that DEW is investing in their team with mentoring programs, training, and executive mentoring. This is a lesson worth learning for any CEO looking to increase the bottom line and provide Job How to cite Graduate level, Papers

Air Pollution Effects on Health People of Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Air Pollution Effects on Health People of Australia. Answer: Introduction This paper analyzes the information available on the health effects that air pollution has had on the people of Australia. Air pollution is a major environmental concern world over. Statistics from UNEP, 2015 indicates that air pollution is the major environmental concern today with air pollution accounting to more than 130,000 deaths worldwide in the year 2015. According to information from the Department of health in Australia, more than 2,000 Australians lost their lives in the year 2016 as a result of air pollution related illnesses (Environment.gov.au, 2017). This indicates the significance of this health issue and the reason why I choose it as the subject of my analysis in this paper. Air pollution has become an environmental issue in Australia over the last years because of a variety of reasons. One of these reasons is that the cases of environmental related illnesses have been on the rise in the previous few years. According to World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) out of every 10 premature deaths, one is associated with exposure to air pollution. This has affected tremendously the lives of many people in Australia especially young mothers and couples. The numbers of still births in Australia as a result of air related complications have risen in the year 2017 with more than 800 still births being attributed to air pollution related complications (Peel, 2011). Air pollution has also contributed to high number of deaths in Australia resulting from cardiovascular diseases and other diseases that affect people depending on the quality of air they breathe. A report by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development indicates that between the year 2014 and 2015, the number of deaths in Australia as a result of dangerous air pollution has risen from 1700 people to more than 2,500 people (Cormack, 2015). The most common of these pollutants include gases, chemicals, and airborne particles such as dust and pollen. Chemical gases released into the environment especially by manufacturing industry have been a major contributor of air contamination in Australia. Information from the Australian environment and energy department indicate that gases from manufacturing industry account for more than 70% of the entire pollution in the country (Ewald, 2015). Australia is a highly industrialized nation and therefore many of its manufacturing proces ses contribute to air pollution. Despite the fact that Australia is one of the countries with the cleanest air in the world in comparison with others, the pollution from industrial gases has been on the rise in the previous two years (Adams and Setterfield, 2013). This can be attributed to an increase in the number of industries in the country and the expansion of the economy over this period. This statistics indicate that despite the many measures that have been taken by the Australian government and other nongovernmental organizations, a lot still needs to be done to curb air pollution (Patrick, 2017). Air pollution has resulted to an increase in cases of Asthma in Australia. Although asthma is not directly caused by air pollution, in some cases they can be triggered by massive air pollution. The number of people suffering from asthma has been observed to be very high especially for people living around areas with factories and industry with many emissions. The cases have also been seen to be high among people living in towns where pollution from dust particles and emissions from vehicles is high compared to people living in rural areas. The number has risen over the past two years with cases of asthma that can be related to air pollution increasing from 3,470 in the year 2015 to 4,200 in the year 2017 (Eh.org.au, 2017). The issue of air pollution especially through emission of dangerous gases has been widely discussed in the media. The issue has received widespread media coverage over the past two years. The major newspapers in the country have carried stories discussing the effects that industrial gases have had on the health of individuals. The Australian carried a story in the beginning of 2017 analyzing and discussing the adherence of industries to the environmental policies and standards set by both the Australian government and the Commonwealth countries. The newspaper discusses the statistics which indicate an increase in air pollution as a result of manufacturing and the effects that it has had on the health of humans. The daily telegraph on 12th of Sep 2015 also carried an opinion piece detailing the environment risk discussed above and the progress that the country has made in preventing air pollution (Brown, 2015). Various television channels also have programs that focus on the environme ntal risk and concerns identified in this paper. Over the course of the last two years, various stakeholders have taken measures and steps to ensure that air pollution in Australia is reduced significantly. One of the major stakeholders in this issue is the Australia`s ministry of environment. In December 2015, the minister of environment launched the National Clean Air agreement. The agreement was meant to ensure that communities enjoy clean and fresh air. The agreement was also meant to address the effects that air pollution has on human health and the environment. The agreement has been implemented over the last two years. A mid-term review of the agreement shows that the agreement has been majorly successful. The report indicates that more than 60 % of the issues discussed in the agreement have been put into practice and are working towards achieving the objectives of the agreement (Environment.gov.au, 2017). The government of Australia has also established the National Environment Protection measure which has been able to provide a common goal for environment standards in the country. The body has been able to collect information relating to air pollution in Australia and provide the way forward to help achieve set objectives. NEPM is also mandated with implementing legislation that have been passed concerning air pollution as well as come up with policies and programs that will reduce air pollution (Bae, 2012). Manufacturers also have a huge role to play in air pollution prevention. These play the biggest role in controlling air pollution since they are the biggest contributors to air pollution. The manufacturers have to ensure that they implement the policies and programs that have been established by the government. By adhering to these standards and policies, the manufactures and other industry players will be able to reduce the levels of industrial gas emissions in the country and hence reducing the health effects of air pollution. The industries and factories also play a role of creating awareness among the members of the community around them on the importance of minimizing air pollution. The community itself has played a role in ensuring air pollution is minimized in the areas where they live. Every person in the community needs to be sensitive of the environment around them and avoid actions or activities that may contribute to air pollution. The members of community also form groups that educate people on the importance of environmental conservation and the effect that air pollution has on the health of an individual. Community actions such as planting of trees to help reduce pollution from dust have contributed positively towards minimizing air pollution. It is important to communicate to the various stakeholders on the risks of the environmental issue discussed in the above topics. Different stakeholders play different roles in relation to this issue and therefore it is important that a message is tailor made to communicate effectively to each group of stakeholders. To communicate with government agencies and departments associated with this issue, it is important to engage people in charge of these agencies. This will help to come up with programs that will facilitate coordination of activities and team work between the various stakeholders. Organizing forums where government officers in charge of the environment are invited will help to communicate to them effectively. The message to be communicated to the government is on the new environmental concerns arising in different parts of the country. The strategy that should be used to communicate to manufacturers and industries is that of writing to them and organizing training their employees on ways of reducing air pollution in their work environment. The message should be about informing them of the risks associated with air pollution and informing them of the direct and indirect effects that their industries are having on the health of community. To communicate with members of the community, I would organize them into small groups where the risks associated with the issue discussed above would be communicated to them. The groups would make it easy to spread awareness on the risks discussed above. The message to be communicated to the community members is on the ways of reducing air pollution and ways in which it affects their health. Conclusion Australia has not been able to make a significance step towards reducing air pollution. Statistics indicate that despite the programs and policies that the government has put in place, air pollution has increased in the last two years. The risk of premature births in the country as well as cases of diseases associated with air pollution have increased and hence making it an issue of concern. Some of the stakeholders on this issue include the government, the community itself, industries, and the nongovernmental organizations. It is important to communicate effectively to all the stakeholders in order to ensure harmonious working relations between these stakeholders so as to reduce the risks associated with this issue. References Adams, V. and Setterfield, S. (2013). Estimating the financial risks of Andropogon gayanus to greenhouse gas abatement projects in northern Australia. Environmental Research Letters, 8(2), p.025018. Eh.org.au. (2017). Air Pollution - Environmental Health Australia Ltd.. [online] Available at: https://www.eh.org.au/resources/knowledge-centre/air-pollution [Accessed 7 Aug. 2017]. Environment.gov.au. (2017). Air quality - Home Page | Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government. [online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/protection/air-quality [Accessed 7 Aug. 2017]. Bae, H. (2012). Reducing Environmental Risks by Information Disclosure: Evidence in Residential Lead Paint Disclosure Rule. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 31(2), pp.404-431. Brown, L. (2015). Land pollution, environmental risks and bank lending. Environmental Law Review, 17(4), pp.237-251. Cormack, L. (2015). As the air we breathe causes 3000 deaths each year, groups call for tougher pollution rules. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/environment/3000-deaths-caused-by-air-pollution-each-year-prompt-calls-for-tougher-standards-20151113-gkygv1.html [Accessed 7 Aug. 2017]. Ewald, B. (2015). Communicating the health effects of air pollution. The Medical Journal of Australia, 202(11), pp.572-574. Peel, J. (2011). Regulating Health and Environmental Risks under WTO Law: A Critical Analysis of the SPS Agreement. By LUKASZ GRUSZCZYNSKI. Journal of Environmental Law, 23(1), pp.157-160. Patrick, T. (2017). Air Pollution in Australia: Real-time Air Quality Index Visual Map. [online] aqicn.org. Available at: https://aqicn.org/map/australia/#@g/-4.2074/329.4141/1z [Accessed 7 Aug. 2017].