What Can African Americans Do to Become More Marketable?

What can African Americans do to become more marketable in this economy? The average African Americans have by far been significantly unmarketable in comparison to their Average Caucasian counterparts. However, it should be mentioned that there are some African Americans who are also very marketable in our society. These few successful and marketable African Americans know and apply key principles in marketing themselves. This is the difference that separates the unmarketable and marketable African American.However, there are ways for the unmarketable African Americans to become more marketable in the global economy. In this essay, I will only be discussing seven of those major ways. African Americans can become more marketable if they: develop a highly impressive resume; prepare to participate in the global economy; become technologically savvy; are flexible in job expectations; improve on interview skills; network wisely; and improve on his or her interview skills.The first thing t hat African Americans who want to become more marketable should do is attend college or university and study a challenging major. This is because it is important to have at least a Bachelors degree in order to get a meaningful job that will bring any kind of success to ones life. After attending University; one should develop a highly impressive resume. An impressive resume that documents evidence of academic excellence, demonstrated leadership, well developed social skills, and personal initiative will definitely get the attention of corporate recruiters and hiring managers.It is also important to participate in the global economy. One can do this by becoming familiar with another language. Becoming familiar with at least one of the major languages that are involved in international commerce such as: Japanese, Spanish, or Chinese; is enough to put one head and shoulders above his or her peers. One should also try to become more technologically savvy because the advancements in Info rmation Technology affect almost every academic and occupational profession.In order to become more technologically savvy, one should try to take a few computer or internet-related courses and also read professional journals in his or her field that has a technological slant. African Americans should also try not to limit him or herself by having predetermined notions about the size of the company that they want to work for or their exact job title or starting salary.This is because in doing so employers may not be very welcoming. To be as marketable as possible an African American should indicate to prospective employers that they are flexible to employment and career advancement. In order to be marketable African Americans should also improve on interviewing skills. This can be done by reading books and articles on interviewing and also by attending career placement office tutorials and work shops on interviewing.Another way to work on interviewing skills is to role play with some one and have them videotape the session. It is also of utmost importance for African Americans who want to become more marketable network wisely and mentor with someone successful in his or her career field. Professional networking can afford an individual to meet successful professionals in his or her field that can alert him or her to what’s available in the hidden job market of which he or she may not have otherwise known about.Networking is also important because the more people who know about ones career interest and can speak favorably of him or her, the more desirable he or she will be to other prospective employers. African Americans should mentor with someone successful in his or her field, this is because it is career enhancing to mentor with someone who has achieved distinction in the African American’s academic/occupational field and is willing to offer career guidance and support. A well connected mentor can sponsor his or her membership in one or more pre stigious organizations.Listing these associations on ones resume can enhance his or her written credentials and give him or her a bit of a competitive edge in job hunting. In conclusion, the average African American can become more marketable if he or she is willing to learn and practice the ways that the marketable use to become more marketable. These ways/principles are quite easy to follow and anyone can implement them. However, one needs to be dedicated, ambitious, and hard-working in his or her endeavors.

Differences and Similarities between Federal and State Governments

The federal and state governments of the United State have apparent differences and similarities. This nature is based with the principle that there should be an existing central governing supremacy as exemplified by the federal government of U. S. Aside from a national ruling; however, it is still essential that state governments handle and control the concerns and interests most significant for the people of particular state. It is in comparing and contrasting the said structures of governments that American administration proves its purpose and essence to the society and its people.Similar to the federal government, every state government carries on with an established charter that determines the link between the governmental establishments and associations even at the level of state governments. All state institutions comprise a structure of separation of powers within the three branches of government. While President is the primary federal government head, a Governor heads the e xecutive branch of state government.The legislative branch of the federal government is composed of the Senate and House of Representatives whereas state governments have mostly lower houses, based from its bicameral type of legislature. While both government structures appear to be similar as far as the nature of their respective Congress, they differ in the frequency of legislature meetings. In the judicial aspect, federal judges are nominated by the President while election takes place in choosing state courts judges (Williams, 1998).William confirmed that federalism works but then asserted that states work well and even better than federal governments. This is because unlike federalism, states actually have federal structures even though they are not operating on a federal foundation. This simply means that states adhere with and apply the federal principles being performed by the federal government in the structure of state governments which made it more effective to the people of American states (Williams, 1998).

The Effect of Classroom Management on High School Academic Achievment Research Proposal

The Effect of Classroom Management on High School Academic Achievment - Research Proposal Example Research Problem The problem at hand is to determine whether or not classroom management can effect the academic achievement of high school students. Many factors may or may not play a role in this and will evaluate a teacher's discipline, organization, and other factors that could be reflected on how the classroom is managed. This problem could be determined in various high schools across the United States to see what hurdles a teacher's personal management of a classroom reflects on high school students' academic achievement. The hypothesis of this problem as discussed in this research proposal would be that if a teacher's classroom management will impact a student's academic achievement. It may not reflect in all students but it will impact most students. Literature Review Classroom management is a critical role in education aside from curriculum itself. Teachers play many roles in the classroom but their primary role is that of classroom manager. If a poorly managed classroom is full of students that are disrespectful and disorderly, there is a lack of discipline from the teacher, then both students and teachers suffer (Marzano, Marzono & Pickering, 2003). However, sound behavior management does not necessarily guarantee effective instruction but it does increase the foundation for an environment that makes for good instruction. Additionally, the teachers' abilities to organize the classroom and discipline the students effectively, letting students know who is in charge will help to keep the classroom under control and the students are more apt to respect the teacher and learn from her guidance. This will then establish a much better... This study investigate the effects of classroom management on high school students using an applied method of research in order to perform an evaluation. The purpose of this is proposal is to identify the previous research already performed by other educational professionals, discuss their findings and then use that information to develop an additional experiment required in order to perform the actual research in order to further support or disprove the theory that classroom management may or may not have an effect on students in a high school setting. Additional factors other than just classroom management may also impact a student's achievements at school and achievement is crucial to the impact that each and every individual student will have on society and the way that their life will play out, having successful lives both in work and personally in the future. The importance is discovering the correlation, if there is one, that an implemented efficient classroom management serie s of methods can has on these students' achievements and potentially lay the groundwork for the rest of their lives. This report makes a conclusion that at various times throughout the research time frame, a series of tests should be given to each class at the exact time frame to see how they score academically. The test would be universal to all classrooms that were participating in the research. There should be at least three or four tests taken throughout the semester to measure the academic achievement of each student.

Supervisor Interview Assignment III ( Is there someone who has Essay

Supervisor Interview Assignment III ( Is there someone who has Supervisor friends or contacts or you can be a interviewee if yo - Essay Example It is his duty to assess the performance of all employees working under the customer service department, their way of handling customer transactions, and to reprimand them when needed. He directly supervises a total of 20 employees under the customer service department. He graduated with a degree in Management. Before becoming a customer service supervisor, he was a customer service agent. Because of dedication and hard work he got promoted to this position. While he was still studying he was able to join seminars on work ethics and professionalism. He had also undergone management and leadership trainings provided by the company. He said that there a lot of qualities a good supervisor must possess but if he needs to mention three very important qualities, he will consider the following: Superb Leadership Skills- To effectively lead a team a supervisor should have this very important quality. Although it takes time to develop this one, but once a supervisor has it, then leading the t eam to success will be easy. Good Communication Skills- One of the most important components in business management is communication. Communication is not done in a way that will discourage an employee, there must be some sense of respect and openness to fully reach out to the members of the team. A Positive Attitude Towards Work- This type of job carries with it a big responsibility not only to the company but also to the customers. If the supervisor is able to show the eagerness to perform the job efficiently then the employees will be inspired to follow what their leader does. It's hard for him to determine the things that he wishes he knew before he became a supervisor. He just thought that he wishes he knew earlier the reason why we encounter customer complaints but he guesses it is true that you can never please everyone no matter how much effort you make. Secondly, he wishes he knew more about the things that cause signal disruptions because that is the usual complaint of our customers. He narrated that there was one time that a customer service agent received a call from a very angry female customer. She had complaints on signal disruption. The woman was so angry that the agent got frustrated and asked him to help her figure out a way to calm the customer down. Being the one in charge of handling these types of problems, he did not waste time; he talked to her politely and explained to her some possible causes of signal disruption. He then apologized to her for the inconveniences that interrupted her dealings and promised to take the necessary actions to solve the problem. He further stated that as a supervisor, he is the role model of the team. His own way of motivating his team members is by letting them feel that they are essential to the company. As much as possible he pushes them to do their best every day, and give them compliments every once in a while to boost their self confidence. He is lucky to have team members who are good listeners and fo llowers. He advised not to stop believing in your own capabilities. Never let other people ruin your beliefs and aspirations. He said that if you wish to become a supervisor in an instant that's definitely impossible not unless you came from a highly influential family. So he said to keep working hard and never surrender. Part II: Analysis Through this analysis, I will share my learnings and realizations from the recently conducted interview with the customer service supervisor. The interview shows an

What factors contributed to success (or not) of these major building Essay - 1

What factors contributed to success (or not) of these major building projects - Essay Example A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical task in the management of construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise formally recorded. (bpo.knowledgehills.com). In managing a construction project, it is common to adopt primary emphasis on three basic elements, namely, task, resource and time. They are interrelated, and any alteration in one will affect the other two. The main objective behind time management is to complete the project in minimal time. But this should not be achieved by compromising on the quality or cost factors. It should be taken care that by optimizing performance at any stage does not have an effect on the overall project such that it does not bring in an element of benefit. Even though all these objectives were taken into account while planning The Spinnaker Tower in Portsmouth, some flaws on the part of the managing team brought up a delay in the completion of the project. This was undesirable, in a project of such importance. Until September 2004, the delay that had occurred was as a result of delays with structural steelwork. It was noted that the time required to fabricate massive cruciform steelwork took longer than the estimated time. As all stages of work are interrelated, the delay in the ending of stage one of the construction process, took it’s toll on the starting of stage two, which again caused an unprec edented delay. Further more; to add to the miseries, bad weather was a great hindrance to the smooth proceeding of the activities, thus bringing in more delay. Europes largest glass floor and a glass external lift, â€Å"which caused most of the recent delays to the towers opening date because of safety doubts.†(Lindsay 2005). All these were defects of proper project management, which led to the inefficient utilization of time. All these resulted in the

Internship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Internship - Essay Example Having worked with MGL, I have gained a lot of experience about designing especially in the outdoor environment. During the internship period I developed a marketing strategy for the company in which I advised on building eco- friendly buildings. My internship application was accepted without any problem since I explained my intention of consulting on eco-friendly ways of building & construction. Certainly now the company has enormous information on advantages of having green buildings. Notably, having a LEED certificate is a big achievement as it alters the way we think in when it comes to designing buildings. There are many benefits for construction companies with LEED certification. One of the benefits is lowering operating costs which is brought about because green buildings tend to have renewable sources of energy such as solar. With this equipment’s installed the cost of power is lowered thus bringing about energy savings in the organization. This is a great advantage to the business as the costs of operation go down while sales go upwards. It should be noted that the only one way for a company to be recognized as having gone green is to obtain the LEED certification. Utilizing green technologies in building and construction presents an opportunity of protecting the environment. MGL Construction Company has 20 workers currently and they exhibit a lot of teamwork. I was significantly involved in the preparation of documents about the LEED certificate and advising on advantages of green buildings. During my internship work the company was building a restaurant in Denver. The environment has been subjected to many injustices in the recent past owing to industrial development, urbanization and settlements. Green building technologies present one of the most important steps in the direction of mitigating the situation. Typically, many people living in major towns in developed and developing countries are in unhealthy

The difference in rawls and nozick is fundamentally a difference in Essay

The difference in rawls and nozick is fundamentally a difference in what it means to be an indiviudal. what is that difference and how does that difference impact their theories - Essay Example The practice of practice of political and social power should be within the limits of justice. Nozick perspective of justice is a critique of Rawls propositions. Not all members of the society benefit from the social cooperation. Rawls’ theory of justice should be based on the reality that the successful individuals in the society have an upper hand on the less disadvantaged in the society. The reality helps the theory to address diversity better in a liberal society. The theory would assist individuals to orient better in their social world. Nozick’s theory becomes a tool for determining the moral outcomes of individuals in the society. The theory should have a model that can enable people understand society from a broader perspective of justice. Human life is not defined through corruption, prejudice, and cruelty but through free and equality principles (Paul, Miller and Paul

Self-assessment instruments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Self-assessment instruments - Essay Example I tend to be accommodative when faced with a conflict. I find it best to put the needs of the other party above mine for quick resolution. I also try to reach compromises with the other party in conflict. Compromising is an effective method as both parties get a chance to air their views. This relieves tension in a significant manner. If the conflict is over a trivial matter, I would rather avoid it all together. I see no point in making a tremendous fuss over petty issues. My main avoidance strategy is withdrawing from the conflict all together. I am not confrontational and competitive in conflicts. I prefer that they get resolved as soon as possible. Quick resolution of conflict allows me peace of mind. b) The Type A assessment cast me as a hardcore Type A person. I disagree with this analysis. A hardcore Type A person has traits such a rushed lifestyle, impatience and is prone to stress. A Type A person enumerates success and, therefore, tries to do as much as possible in the least possible time frame. Type A people measure success by how much they are able to do. I have a slightly rushed lifestyle. I also am achievement oriented. However, other assessment tools showed that I can work in a team quite well, one trait that Type A personalities lack. I also pay attention to quality rather than quality. I do not think that I should be worried of getting a heart attack due to my personality. Another discrepancy with how I perceive myself is my low score in the leadership test. I feel I have better leadership skills than the assessment revealed. The area of task concern had an alarmingly low score. I believe that if I am a Type A individual, task concern should not be a problem. These areas offered conflicting results. The hardcore Type A individual should measure success by the number of tasks completed within a time frame. If I am a Type A person, task completion should be my primary goal. I should have, therefore, scored lower in people concern

Governance in the Cloud Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Governance in the Cloud - Research Paper Example Current governance strategies must be closely evaluated when translating to the cloud environment due to unique characteristics and difficulties presented with the use of the cloud. The term cloud computer has been thrown around all too often as of late and some tend to use it as a buzz word without fully understanding what the ‘cloud’ is. The term â€Å"Cloud computing describes Internet-based technology (either software, platform, infrastructure or a combination) that stores and processes information and is provided as an on-demand service† (Speed 1). It is the on-demand feature of this outsourcing solution that draws many to the cloud as it offers scalability and increased availability to clients. These advantages of cloud computing cut both ways as there are some concerns raised with each of these and in addition with the security and governance of the cloud environment. Cloud services offer scalability with the option to rapidly increase/decrease storage and processing power to meet current demands. Though scalable, cloud environments are not very flexible as they often upgraded, such as forcing users to adapt to new operating systems in the case of PaaS (Platform as a Service). This is not always the case as â€Å"some cloud services, such as Amazon’s EC2, offer a lot of flexible options; however setting them up and maintaining the configuration takes more effort and skill than other out-of-the-box offerings† (Speed). Despite this potential draw back they are still flexible in that they can easily be turned on and off at will without committing to large upgrades in infrastructure and/or software. This scalability and flexibility provide the potential for a great savings in the IT bottom line. To understand the basics of cloud economics we must consider the risk and reward of cloud services versus traditional IT cost over time. Traditional IT projects are an immense undertaking requiring vast amounts of resources; furtherm ore they fall into a lifecycle and eventually need upgraded or replaced at an additional cost. The advantage to cloud computing is that when an upgrade is needed or available it implemented in a relatively short time and a much lower cost, typically the client organization will see no increase in cost. The client organization can reap this benefit due to the economy of scale with the Cloud provider sharing cost across all users. Considering Fig 1 (Speed, p. 2) we can see the benefit cloud computing offers on a long term basis. When looking to upgrade software or infrastructure it is much easier for the finance department to handle a more balanced financial requirement vice the dramatic cycle that the traditional IT approach subjects us to. Using COBIT to Manage Benefit, Risks and Security in the cloud In this ever-increasing competitive world, companies are heavily relying on data and information to make complex decisions on control and risks that would be rapid and flourishing. How ever, for this purpose management needs to be familiar with the actions that should be taken and how to implement them. In this scenario, organizations require an objective method to recognize where they are and where they need to make improvements; they as well require being capable to execute management tool kits to observe this development. Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) is a set or group of resources that holds all the information that a business would need to put into

The Effects of the Dream Act on the Family Essay

The Effects of the Dream Act on the Family - Essay Example Many hardcore immigration advocates would simply argue to deport them all back to whatever country they originated from. However, that logic brought about a very important question that requires addressing; What about the children who were brought here as infants or children completely without intention and have never lived outside the United States; do you deport them with their families or separate the families? Can we as a country in good conscious send children to foreign countries they may know little about and possibly not even speak the language, equally could we send parents away and leave children to hear without them? The current presidential administration agreed that this was not something that America should do, so without the much immediate support and no authorization of the rest of the government, Barack Obama, passed the Act using his executive powers as President in 2012. There are a number of different arguments that many Americans support and oppose the implementation of the DREAM Act. Some are economical and others political, others still are racial; however, the most relevant arguments really are the ethical ones. The living breathing, thinking, feeling people that are truly most directly impacted by such an Act need to be considered. The DREAM Act would allow the children of undocumented immigrants to no longer have to fear possible deportation if their illegal status is known. In order to qualify the individual must be have been brought to the United States as minors and be between the ages of 15 and 30 and have maintained continuous residency in The United States for at least 5 years. Those who have been involved in serious crimes would be automatically ineligible (Mahatmya & Gring-Pemble 1-18). The benefits under the DREAM Act would change the lives of many young undocumented immigrants. For many years these children of immigrants could attend public schools but could not ever gain a legal drivers license, attend college, or receive any kind of educational financial aid.

Preistleys main aim Essay Example for Free

Preistleys main aim Essay Preistleys main intension in An Inspector Calls is to show the immorality in society. He accomplishes this by having each character take on a separate stereotype of pre-war society. Birling is the industrious businessman, cold hearted and tight fisted. Mrs. Birling is the bossy, maternal wife who has no sympathy for any one who crosses her strict moral barriers. Eric, the son, is a loose cannon, a young man with mean parents who he cannot look to for help. Sheila is the almost spoilt daughter, who is all too quick to use her power, but still feels remorse later. Gerald is a slightly mature Eric. Still a bit irresponsible, he has the right set of morals and is engaged to Sheila at the beginning of the play. Finally, Inspector Goole is the collective conscience of the group. Each of the characters matures slightly over the course of the play, excluding the parents who seem to be set in their ways. Right the way through the play Birling shows himself to be steadfastly rightwing. His views on society are that there is no such thing and that it is every man for himself. He is shown as having few kind emotions and is mostly celebrating Shelias wedding because of the business opportunities it will bring. Preistley is trying to show that these views are wrong. He does this at two levels. One is the more obvious he has been cast as the evil character that is mean to everyone. The other way is subtler. In all his predictions Birling is wrong as these two quotes show And I say there isnt a chance of war. The worlds developing so fast that itll make war impossible. Why, a friend of mine went over this liner last week the Titanic she sails next week forty six thousand eight hundred tons New York in five days and every luxury and unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable The play was set in 1912 but performed in 1946, so the audience would know that he was wrong about these thing and would subconsciously imagine him as wrong, making them more inclined to agree with Preistleys view of an ideal society. Birlings actions and behaviour towards the other characters is typical of a right wing, pompous businessman. He treats all his offspring as tiny children, when they are both old enough to be married. His workers are treated like dirt, fired for wanting a slightly better wage. The Inspector is referred to as a crank, but only once he has left the house. The only person Birling treats fairly apart from himself is his wife, of whom he still takes a slightly lower view than she deserves.

Tragic Hero And Tragic Flaw English Literature Essay

Tragic Hero And Tragic Flaw English Literature Essay W. Hamilton Fyfe in his book Aristotles Art of Poetry highlighted that Aristotle was the first critic of literature to view the dissimilarity between moral and visual condition. He is specific in his vision that they want of tragedy is to give delight, strange kind of pleasure which go with the release of feeling result through the stage performance of a tragedy. The human interest holds us. He also shares the feelings of people like Othello or Macbeth. These are all people like us, yet somehow, even in the two contemporary dramas, increase to a superior power. W .H. Fyfe also clear that they achieve to some extent more than human self-respect. And yet we fully distribute their feelings and share them more easily and exactly because the poet has disqualified all those conditions and thought which in real life perplex our feelings and reject our pleasure. W. H. Fyfe also clarify that Aristotles represent his emotion in dramatic form and, as we share it, it becomes our own. If the trag edy has its way with us, our secreted emotion and perhaps also the physical discharge of tears is released, and when the storm of thrill settle, we are left with a sense of pleasurable relief. We have the same sense of worried, tensions determined in pleasurable relief when we are upset with our problems we sit down to watch some movies or starts reading books or listen to the music which gave us soothing effect. In the same way W. H. Fyfe also said that great poem or a great picture both stimulate and relieves our emotions. According to him Athenian tragedy combined all these demand poetry, music, pictorial expression; it carried the yet stronger and more popular demand of a thrilling story and presents in the great open-air theatre of Dionysus the strengthening group of people. It was really a bold step. People who avoid their panic by reading careless accounts of football and racing, adultery and murder, might better their health by means of this safer and much more pleasing form of relief. It still exists; and great works of art come so hardly ever within our reach that there is no danger in indulging in such activity to get pleasure. This is all about the W. H. Fyfe point of view about the emotional effect of tragedy. In one of the term paper named Tragic Hero (www.planetpaper.com). He said that Aristotle described a tragic hero as being a person who, through a flaw, in their own character, is brought from a high position and learns to see clearly before their own destruction. In the Theban play. King Oedipus, Oedipus is considered to be a tragic hero after his mother and father try to cheat fate, then later when Oedipus discovered his own fate, he tried to cheat his fate so here I may say that it was his own free will also only in truth ending up where fate had designed. Another Theban play, Antigone, also written by Sophocles includes Oedipus daughter, Antigone, as the tragic hero when she dies for what she believes in. A main character of any tragedy play can be a tragic hero due to his own error of judgment or he may be the puppet in the hand of fate. Now in my first chapter of Analysis I want to high light some rules and regulation of tragedy and tragic hero given by Aristotle. Firstly I would like to talk about Aristotelian tragic hero. He emphasize that the tragic hero of any play should belong to reputed family and he must fall from propriety into misfortunate not due to any villainies character but due to his own error of judgment or due to his fate. To this point I want to give the example of Shakespearean Macbeth and Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus. These two character are the best example of Aristotelian tragic hero both the character belong to reputed family and their own error of judgment became the cause of their downfall. According to Aristotle: The hero of any tragedy ancient or modern must be one whom we regard as a fine fellow. He certainly need not be of good family or even in high station those requirements were peculiar to Greek drama. (Fyfe, W.H.1963:25) A.C Bradley in (1935) given a lecture on Hamlet, Othello, Kinglear and Macbeth. He said we see men and women self-assuredly arresting into the obtainable order of things in pursuance of their thoughts but what they accomplish is not what they designed, in fact it is awfully different what they thought. In Shakespearean play Othello is trapped in his own evil deeds which he designed for others. Hamlet react from the forceful duty of revenge is pushed into blood sin he never vision of and enforced at last on the revenge in actual he dont want to do this. Everywhere in the tragedy mans thought translated into action is changed into the opposite of itself. All the action which is mentioned above is due to their own flaw in their character. Yet, by itself it would hardly put forward the idea of fate but in actual it shows their own free will it shows man as, in some degree, however, slight the cause of his own downfall. Character itself contributes to the feelings of fatality which is not due to their fate but through their free will now here I want to give the example of King Macbeth because his down fall occurred due to his own ambitious nature and other example I want to give is about Dr Faustus whose downfall occurred due to his own free will. Some people thought fate in Shakespeare can be described as a moral order and its necessity as a moral essential. But in my point of view fate and free will are the two sides of a same coin. These thing brings into the light those aspects of the tragic fact which the idea of fate and free will throws into the shade leading to the argument, whatever may be said of accidents, circumstances and the like human action is after all presented to us as the central fact in tragedy and also as the main cause of the catastrophe. The moral necessity which so much impresses us is, after all, chiefly the necessary connection between actions and consequences for those actions we without even raising on the subject. The agents responsible and the tragedy would disappear from us if we did not. The central action is in greater or lesser degree, wrong or bad. The catastrophe is the main is the return of this action o the head of the agent. CHAPTER: 2 CHARACTER OF DR- FAUSTUS. In one of the term paper named Dr Faustus duality in doctor: values in Faustus (www.planetpapper.com). The researcher highlight that Christopher Marlowe the heroic Christian tragedy, Doctor Faustus, the central character, Dr. Faustus, fight back between subsequent God and Lucifer. Faustus, who is a mystery in himself, is competent of fabulous expressiveness and determined loss of sight. According to researcher Faustus refusal to see what is truth and what is fiction is a result of his self-important role. Dr Faustus in his mission to turn out to be supreme, Faustus not succeeds to see that there is life after death and that his bits and pieces belongings are of no significance. Researcher emphasize on that Faustus is a contributor in his own internal war of knowledge or salvation. Faustus inner chaos gives way to the main connotation within the play: He also highlights reflection of that era in his research medieval morals versus Renaissance ideals. Faustus upsetting end serves not o nly as a message to all but also gives justice to the age-old formula Marlowe characterization of Faustus leads one to the principal idea of duality in culture of his era in which Medieval values conflict with those of the Renaissance.   Marlowes Doctor Faustus is the first major Elizabethan tragedy and the first to see the sights of the tragic possibilities of the direct conflict of Renaissance compulsions with the Hebraic Christian tradition. Marlowe sinned, suffered regret and was damned. Faustus in thought and deed, threatening, philosophizing, disputing, artifice, defying God and risking all with a prosper does not put forward the lay character of moralities. Marlowe interpreted into the old medieval equation the new, unsolved and frighteningly vague lively of the renaissance, gave it a charm and a dignity never realized in previous treatments of the story, and made Faustus, rather than Hamlet, the first modern man. The play introduced the modern tragic theme of the alienated soul. Faustus is tragic because he known the problem as actual. Even as he claims the freedom of his soul, he hears the terrified echoes thundering in his ears like Macbeth Dr. Faustus is a man who of his own wide awake determination brings tragedy and suffering cashing down upon his head, the pitiful and fearful victim of his own ambitious and desires. The satire with which Marlowe usually invests the downfall of his Protagonists is an irony based on these reasonable concepts of sin and damnation, and vividly expressed in two major patterns of action: the monotonous pattern of ethical preference leading to the option of spiritual demolition, and the pattern of dissimilarity between Faustus grand imaginative designs and the real, stupid activities of his magical career. Marlowe devotes his first scene to a careful staging of Faustus decision to take up magic. One by one the fields of material education are rejected because their ends not satisfy his demand but notice what the demand is. He does not pursue knowledge for the sake of truth, but for power, for superhuman power, the power over life and death. We find Marlowes hero Faustus, he sold his soul to the Devil in order to gain super human power through knowledge by mastering the Un-Holey art of magic and thus he says to himself. J. C. Maxwell in (1947) (89-94) in his research of The Sin of Faustus. His purpose is to keep a due measure of attention directed upon that side of the theme is to recognize Faustus central act of sin for what it is. He said that his major sin on which his whole research revolve is Faustus pride and his curiosity. He said that pride is the ultimate source of Faustus fall and sensuality is pervasive element of his character after it. However, curiosity is most notably operative in the conduct of the action. Moreover, J. C. Maxwell said that it is largely owing to a failure to apprehend the nature as indeed the existence, of this sin that there has arise the misrepresentations of Marlowes purpose, which have seen in Faustus largely. J. C. Maxwell also said that to him the points arising out of this examination that seem to me important for understanding of the play are No insistence on the pervading and increasing sensualist of Faustus ought to difficult to understand the fact that he falls, like man and like Lucifer himself, through the spiritual sin of pride. J. C. Maxwell highlights pride, sensuality and curiosity as the major sin of Dr. Faustus. However, I somewhat disagree with this conclusion because his major sin was his over ambitious nature to gain the knowledge of the whole universe. J. C. Maxwell talks about curiosity but not in this manner, he says that Faustus is curious to get the pride. But in my point of view he is curious to gain the knowledge and ambitious to be the god. Kaitlyn Cavanaugh in (2008) wrote an article named Faustus as a tragic hero(www.writinghood.com) draw attention to many traits of Dr Faustus character and said There may be dissimilar or changeable ways of looking at assured characters and enlightening them as a certain type of character. In Christopher Marlowes play Doctor Faustus, the main character, Doctor Faustus, could be described and exposed as a tragic hero, similarly to other tragic characters, such as Sophocles Oedipus and Shakespeares Macbeth may also be described as such. There are different features and personality, which would make these characters be considered as tragic heroes rather than another type of character. In Marlowes play, the main character, Faustus, brings his own downfall by the end of the story. In his opening speech, Faustus tells and explains the audience and the readers that he made himself expert in law, medicine and divinity, but he wants to know more than what he knows and also know more about othe r things in short his intention was to become a god. This aspect of Faustus, his curiosity to learn and know more, may be thought of as part of the human condition and human nature and isnt something that is seen as wrong in our society. However, this aspect also blinds Faustus from a sense of reason and right from wrong. This in the end leads the main character of Doctor Faustus to make an agreement with the devil, which results in Faustus downfall. This aspect of Faustus character and personality is similar to Oedipus, in Sophocles Oedipus Rex. Oedipus pride blinds him from seeing truth, reason, as well as the difference from right and wrong, which leads to and results in the characters downfall and to the main character of Sophocles play, Oedipus, stabbing his eyes out. This feature will lead to the characteristic and fact that, by doing these mistakes or flaws, the tragic heroes are doomed from the beginning and the audience and readers know the fate of these characters is seale d. And for the tragic hero is just that, a tragic hero or tragic character, this type of character has to be doomed from the beginning of the play, but doesnt hold any responsibility for possessing his flaw or fault. This may be seen in Faustus. From the beginning of the play, from the time that he tells the audience and readers that he wants to acquire more knowledge and especially when he signs the, the audience and readers may that Faustus is doomed to have a less than perfect and happy ending. Much like Faustus, Oedipus fate is sealed when he refuses to see the truth, even when its standing right in front of him. Though these two tragic heroes may feel some sense of guilt about their actions, neither Faustus nor Oedipus seem feeling some sense of guilt or responsibility of their flaw. These aspects are a few attributes and features that characterize a tragic hero. Most of these attributes may be applied to Faustus. Throughout the article it is highlighted that the most prominent trait of Dr Faustus character was his ambitious nature which became the reason of his downfall. CHAPTER: 3 CHARACTER OF KING- MACBETH. In one of the term paper named Macbeth (www.planetpaper.com) the researcher highlights the main points of Macbeths character. He said in the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, he find out that Macbeth is a tragic hero. Macbeth is very ambitious, daring, and an ethically coward all these things lead to his tragic death at the end of the play. At the beginning of the play, Shakespeare characterizes Macbeth as a hero very evidently from the bravery in guard of Scotland is important in the opening scene. However, he is very ambitious to be king. And this thing height the negative trait in Macbeths character. In one of the research paper named Macbeth as a Tragedy According To Aristotles Definition.   (www.123helpme.com).Researcher highlights some of the characteristic of Macbeths personality. He first compares Macbeths character with qualities of tragic hero set by Greek philosopher Aristotle. Researcher highlight that the genre of some works of literature can be discuss, Macbeth written by William Shakespeare seems to fit into a ideal shape of Aristotles definition of a tragedy, unite seven elements that he believes make the type of a work a tragedy, is that pattern. Demonstrate all seven aspects; Macbeth fits the definition of tragedy specifically. According to him elements in the play verify the fact that Macbeth  is a serious story, the first elements of Aristotles definition. In spite of the outcome of the play, Macbeth was a good and great man, one of elements in the definition of tragedy. Macbeth was an admirable man whom held the position of the Thane of Glam and was victorio us in battle. This success helped him take escape of admiration from Duncan, very good deed attain by few. The most important detail that Macbeth is truly not just a good but a great man is the fact that at first, even though Lady Macbeth pleaded for him to kill Duncan, he refuse. Through Lady Macbeths scheming ways brought about by her hunger for power and position, he did certainly kill him and others though. Yet, this in itself if analyze prove he is a great man. Through tactical planning and cunning wits, he was able to murder, and briefly gets away with it. Yet, every great man must have a single flaw, which they give into, as declared in the definition of a tragedy. Macbeths flaw was ambition, brought about by Lady Macbeth and the witches. Through the imagery they created of him as a noble, bold and successful King, he let his ambitions get the best of him, which led to murder, deceit, cheating and eventually tragedy. The ambition in him was not at full smother until the witch es and his wife fully brought it out of him yet, it was a flaw, unlike a curable condition or problem, which he could not prevail over, not even by fate. The aspect of a flaw that the good or great man cannot overcome by fate is the fourth element in Aristotles adaptation of a tragedy. This research paper highlight all the traits of Macbeths character that in the start of the play Shakespeare portrays Macbeths character as a noble, kind hearted, victorious, and people and King Duncan praised him a lot. But later in the play we came to know his actual character that he is ill eared and easily get manipulated by witches and his wife lady Macbeth. Macbeth ambitious nature became the cause of his downfall or we can say that his tragic flaw is his own nature. Marilyn French in 1982 wrote a term paper named Macbeth and masculine values (pg no: 14-24) draw attention to many aspect of Macbeths character and said that there is an uncertainty about gender role in Macbeth. She said that Macbeth is brave, valors follower, courageous cousin and praise worthy men. Most of the praise comes from Duncan the king. In conclusion she said a tragedy she accept without object the decision that Macbeth is exterminate. Throughout the play, manhood is equated with the ability to kill. She also highlights the factor responsible in killing king Duncan is Lady Macbeth who convinced Macbeth to do so. But I am not agree with the point of view of Marilyn because Macbeth himself is overambitious to gain the power and to achieve the kingdom as we have seen throughout the play Macbeth is committing sin after sin in order to gain the power. Now if Marilyn is making Lady Macbeth responsible for Macbeths down fall is not true because Lady Macbeth persuaded Macbeth once and that is to murder the king Duncan but not his son and not his friend Banquo so it is clear that Macbeth is to blame for his own dreadful mistake. In one of the research paper named The question of justice in Macbeth (www.123helpme.com) the researcher is emphasizing in the play Macbeth, many different choices are brought onward to a positive character and the result that is chosen affects the entire play. The researcher analyzed the results of these actions can be a positive or negative conclusion towards the character. As is represented in the play Macbeth, justice always prevails due to the guilty characters developing sense of regret or the character receiving fair punishment. This shows some traits of Macbeths character. To give clear idea of Macbeths character I again want to high light some of the points from one of the research named The personality of Macbeth(www.123helpme.com). In his research researcher highlight that Macbeth down fall is due to natural law in which person his own choice to select his path has. He also emphasize that Macbeth also has his own choice either he want to go with the prophecy of witches or to act as his wife want him to act so it is clear that it is totally depend upon his own will and his will is to became the king and want to attain the power. This thing clarifies that is ambition became the reason of his down fall. CHAPTER: 4 COMPARISION BETWEEN DR-FAUSTUS AND MACBETHS TRAGIC FLAW. Firstly we can consider the ways in which the play starts it explore the mystic in the opening scene of Macbeth and Dr Faustus. The mystical is a powerful theme that constantly appears throughout the opening scenes of Shakespeares Macbeth and Marlowes Dr Faustus. Continuously throughout the opening scenes the supernatural is used as a way to introduce suspense, horror and feeling of doubts in to the play and help in the awakening of the audiences thoughts.   In Macbeth the plan of the supernatural is introduced to the audience straight away, as Shakespeare opens the scene opens with three witches. During the time that Macbeth was written the idea and belief that witches truly survive would have been taken tremendously sincerely by Shakespeares audience as witches were thought to be real beings. Using witches in the opening scene automatically build an environment and let the audience to recognize that the play that they are about to watch is going to have a gloomy, perplexing and fear-provoking feeling to it, as witches are usually linked as wicked being. Shakespeare also uses pitiable misleading notion to generate the sense of the supernatural. Thunder and lightning, this mechanism is also used as a way to establish the ambience of the opening scene. Setting the scene early in the opening of the play allows the audience to become aware that the character of the opening scene is going to be fairly severe and sinister, which allow the audience to absorb themselves entirely in the play. The use of pitiable myth in the opening scene also enhances the idea that witches are evil beings as both the description of the weather and defined the ideas that Shakespeares audience would have had about witches portray extremely negative association. In dissimilarity to Shakespeares Macbeth, Marlowe uses the idea of the supernatural in the opening scene of Dr Faustus in a much more positive way. In the opening scene Marlowe uses his own thought to introduce the views of the play Dr Faustus. This is all about the comparison and contrast of the start of both the plays. The starting scene of both the play to some extent is similar and that is they started with the super natural character. There is one more similarity in the opening of the play that both the writers portray their main character as a noble person belongs to good family kind hearted. This is all about the play. Now I want to drag your attention to the similarities and dissimilarities in Macbeths and Dr Faustus characters. In one of the essay named Dr Faustus VS Macbeth (www.exampleessay.com) the essayist highlights the some of the similarities of both the character. In many ways, Macbeth and Dr. Faustus follow the same sequence as their characters poor preference cause them to distortion downfall which they never thought. The universal truth of the Faust Theme is obvious in Macbeth. It can be seen through his decisions all over the play. These decisions are what cause his succession from an honorable man in the beginning to an evil cruel king in the end. Macbeth and Dr. Faustus are very much alike. In the plays they both sold their soul to the devil to attain the knowledge and power. Macbeth didnt literally sell his soul to the devil as Faustus did, but he also get under the influence of evil character that r witches. This is all about the similarities and dissimilarities of both the character. Now come to the main point that what is the tragic flaw in both the character? In my opinion the tragic flaw of both the characters is their own ambitious nature. They both are very ambitious to attain power and knowledge but to be ambitious is not a wrong thing but to attain their ambition they uses false path or in short I want to say they became blind to achieve their ambition now this is their tragic flaw. To justify my point I want highlight some researcher point of view. In one of the essay named Vaulting ambition and downfall(www.directessay.com) the essayist emphasizes on the reason of Macbeths downfall is his vaulting ambition, though it is what bring him power but is also the same which lead him to his down fall. According to essayist vaulting ambition is Macbeths only flaw. Essayist also highlight positive side of his ambition that through his ambitious nature he won my battles because at that time his only ambition is to praise by people but later on in the play his ambitious nature portray by Shakespeare in a darker way that his lust to achieve power and to became the king of Scotland moved his positive ambitious nature into a negative way and he commit sin after sin to achieve his ambition. This became his tragic flaw. W.W. Greg in (1946) (71-88) research Reason of Damnation of Faustus. He highlights many reasons due to which Faustus was damned. First in his research, he said that Valdes and Cornelius are the reason of Faustus Downfall they attract Faustus towards magic in a way they want to do evil deeds from the back of Faustus and they do not want to be punish their self in the end. In addition, the second reason which WW. Greg highlight in research is the pact, which Faustus signs with the Devil, which became the reason for his damnation. But I am not agree with his reason because these all things come afterward in my point of view the main reason of his damnation is his over ambitiousness nature because Faustus himself was very much curious to gain the knowledge of magic. W.W. Greg in his research uses the word of ambition but not in a negative manner. He said that Faustus ambition was positive to learn as he want to serve the people in a positive way but I again disagree with his point of vie w that if he was positive he will never try evil deeds. I believe that from the very first part of the play he is over ambitious because we can clearly see that how much he is thirsty for knowledge and this thing lead him to his downfall. Here we can easily compare both Macbeth and Dr Faustus character flaw is their over ambitious nature which became the reason of their own downfall. So it is clear that Shakespearean Macbeth and Christopher Marlows Dr-Faustus share same personality traits both are noble in start there ambition were positive in the start of the play as Faustus want to earn education of magic to help people to help his country in security reasons but when he achieve that knowledge his ambition change in to negative he start teasing people in order to help them. In the end he became totally self-centered and to achieve his ambition he sold his sole to devil. So it is cleared that ambitious nature of both the character became there tragic flaw and they were damned in the end which is totally their own choice they selected their deaths by their own free will. CONCLUSION: Many researcher highlighted different reason of tragic flaw in Shakespearean Macbeth and Marlows Dr Faustus some are as follows. W.W. Greg in (1946) (71-88) research Reason of Damnation of Faustus. He highlights many reasons due to which Faustus was damned. First in his research, he said that Valdes and Cornelius are the reason of Faustus Downfall they attract Faustus towards magic in a way they want to do evil deeds from the back of Faustus and they do not want to be punish their self in the end. In addition, the second reason which WW. Greg highlight in research is the pact, which Faustus signs with the Devil, which became the reason for his damnation. J. C. Maxwell in (1947) (89-94) in his research of The Sin of Faustus. His purpose is to keep a due measure of attention directed upon that side of the theme is to recognize Faustus central act of sin for what it is. He said that his major sin on which his whole research revolve is Faustus pride and his curiosity. He said that pride is the ultimate source of Faustus fall and sensuality is pervasive element of his character after it. Marilyn French in 1982 wrote a term paper named Macbeth and masculine values (pg no: 14-24) draw attention to many aspect of Macbeths character and said that there is an uncertainty about gender role in Macbeth. She said that Macbeth is brave, valors follower, courageous cousin and praise worthy men. Most of the praise comes from Duncan the king. In conclusion she said a tragedy she accept without object the decision that Macbeth is exterminate. Throughout the play, manhood is equated with the ability to kill. She also highlights the factor responsible in killing king Duncan is Lady Macbeth who convinced Macbeth to do so. But on the bases of this analysis the result what results comes out is that the tragic flaw of both the character is their own ambitious nature although whoever motivate them to commit sin but at end it was their own decision.

Document Requirements for Childcare Organisation

Document Requirements for Childcare Organisation Child care at home Due to the strict ruling of Ofsted, the independent regulatory body for schools, it is essential for individuals to have clear and correct documentation when establishing an at home child care business. Strict studies of the documents are carried out and can make the difference between a good or outstanding report and this can be a contributing factor in determining just how successful the business is. One of the most important documents that Ofsted and parents will want to look at is the CRB (Criminal Records Bureau) check, or recently changed to the DBS (Disclosure and Baring Service). This is necessary for any adult that will have contact or care for the children in the childcare setting. It is essential to a thriving childcare business, to ensure DBS checks are carried out, as many parents will not leave their children to be cared for by someone with an unknown criminal history. A child record form is the next document that is needed for a new child care institution. This should contain all the information needed about each child, such as their name, date of birth and address along with the parents address and contact details. The name and address of the childs doctor will also be needed along with two emergency contacts, medical history and details of any allergies, dietary requirements, medical conditions and religion. This document should be used as the first reference in any emergency and should always be to hand for the responsible adults to refer to. Without this the child’s best interests may not be met, which would not be productive for either child or child minder. The child information record book is an informal way of parent and childcare provider communicating as well as informing the parent and Ofsted of the types of activities the child has taken part in, along with the food they have eaten, quantity of nappies changed and other relevant information regarding anything that happens during the day. This is usually taken home by the parent weekly and is updated every day by the childcare provider, giving the parents a real insight into how their children are progressing and developing. Another document that can either go hand in hand with the child record book, or filed separately, is the Prescription and non-prescription medical record card. This contains information of any medication that the child should have administered when they are in the home child care setting. It should include the name of the drug, the dose and the frequency that it should be given as well as when it has been administered to the child. The child care provider will need written permission from the parent for each drug to be administered and each time it should be recorded on the form. This also applies to non-prescription drugs, such as Calpol, and there must be written information by the parent detailing when and in what circumstances they are happy for this to be given. By having this form it is easy to keep track of the amount of medicine being given and for what reasons. It will reassure both the parents and Ofsted that it isn’t being given sparingly. Child care agreement forms are the documents that create the contract between the parent and the child care provider. They detail all the child’s general information along with the specifics of the days and hours that the child will attend and fee information. There are standard agreements that can be purchased online and used. One of the most popular being the National Association of Childminders contract which clearly explains to each party what they are agreeing to. Childminders find this option one of the best as the NCMA have a legal team who are available to help the care givers with any issues relating to these contracts. The accident record and incident form allows for an extremely detailed account of any accident that has occurred, where it happened and the names of any adults that were witness to this, along with a record of the first aid administered (if applicable). It gives space for the person who has completed the form to sign and the signature of the parent to say that they have also read this and are aware that the accident occurred. The incident form is very similar but is used to give details of anything that may have affected the child. For example, the child playing with a family pet and becoming scratched or bitten. Again, it is asked that the parent also signs the form to say that they are aware of the incident. In some cases the parent may also want a copy and this form is another essential way of the parents and child care providers communicating to ensure that the child has the best and happiest time when they are away from their parents in this setting. The fire safety form is used to detail the evacuation process in case a fire occurs. All of the children should regularly participate in fire drills and be aware of what they should do. The dates and names of the children involved with these drills should be documented on the child safety form. It is also possible to ask the local fire service to attend the home and inspect each room to offer insight, which may not previously have been thought of and considered, into possible fire hazards. In the unfortunate event that a real fire evacuation needs to be carried out, it is important for safety reasons that all the children know what to do and where they need to locate to. The vehicle records and parent permission for a child to travel in a vehicle documents contain all the information regarding the registered vehicles that will be used for the purpose of the childcare. These should have appropriate insurance cover and documentation about who is insured and registered to drive the children. It is also necessary to have a sign parents consent form giving permission for their child to be transported in these registered vehicles no matter how long or what the journey is for. Along with this being there to ensure safety for the children and reassurance for the children, it is important for Ofsted to have a record of the vehicles if there was ever any legal issue that had to be investigated. Outings are an essential part of a childs development. They allow the children to explore their surroundings and learn new things. In order for a child care provider to take the children in their care on these such trips, they need two different outings and consent forms. One for small trips which include details of the trips the child will be participating in and can include permission statements for trips on public transport, on foot, in the child carers car or any other car. This form must be signed by the parents and kept in the childs file. Another form may be used if necessary for larger pre-planned trips or for trips which require financial contribution from the parent. In addition to the forms above there are three financial forms that are essential for starting an at home child care setting and record financial details relating to the home child care business. The first form is a record of payment fees, used to record the payments by the parents in which the child care provider signs to say that the payments have been received, and it can also be used as a receipt for the parents with a tear off strip. The record of complaint form needs to be completed accurately and as soon as possible. The form must contain information detailing who made the complaint, the nature of it and the date it occurred, along with a full account of the complaint, how it was dealt with and any actions that were taken. This is then signed and dated by the child care provider. It is important to all parties involved to have such a detailed account so it may be referred to, if necessary, by Ofsted, particularly if it is alleging abuse or harm to a child. It is essential to a child to develop through play and there are many activities that can be carried out in the home child care setting to encourage this. It can not only help them develop intellectually but also socially and physically and is an important part of a child’s growth. Physical activities help to develop a childs gross motor skills and refers to the physical movements made in babies, such as crawling, rolling or walking and in children, such as walking, running, skipping and hopping. Activities such as throwing or catching a ball, developing hand eye coordination or hopscotch, developing jumping and numeracy skills are important parts of not only a childs growth but also their childhood. Throwing and catching a ball will encourage them to interact and play with another child or grown up, something that some children may find difficult to begin with. Fine motor skills involve dexterity and fine control of muscle movement such as writing, drawing, using a knife and fork and using scissors. For babies, toys are a good way to develop these skills, some can make a noise and have different feels to them and finger foods such as pieces of banana or raisins are good to improve a babies hand eye coordination. At around 12 months a child will enjoy a shape sorter, the bright colours and noises will encourage them to find the right holes to fit the shapes into and develop their fine motor skills. Water is also a brilliant way to develop both fine and gross motor skills, using sponges to soak up and squeeze out the water. Intellectual development for babies provide them with something to touch and see and listen, an excellent tool is a touch picture book where they can feel different materials whilst being read to. Children can also be developed intellectually by card games like Pairs or board games and Connect 4. They also learn by questioning during the day like What are we going to do next?, What time is it? and What letter does cat begin with?. These sorts of questions allow the child to understand what is happening in their day and to apply these learnt answers in another setting such as nursery or school. To increase social development, role play is a great way to encourage a child to express themselves and interact with others. They can explore different settings such as a supermarket or post office and interact being either the shop keeper or customer. Adults playing with babies will encourage their social development like tickling and chatting with you, as well as copying your actions such as sticking your tongue out and shaking your hands, along with them watching other older children play. Around two years old they will start interacting with other children and being mindful of how the others react to them as well as being aware of how the others feel. Food health and safety policy – Please fill in the relevant sections concerning your child: Name of child – D.O.B – Food allergies – Medical allergies – Food preferences – Special dietary requirements From this information we will provide the best healthy, nutritious and balanced meals that meet the needs of all the children in our care. Fresh drinking water will be provided and accessible to the children at all times and the food will be prepared hygienically and we ensure that all staff handling food have been trained in food hygiene. According to The Food Standards Agency we will ensure that HACCP (being a preventative system designed to ensure food safety by identifying all the critical control points in a food process where contamination can occur) is implemented. The overall and ultimate responsibility for Health and Safety within the Provision rests with the members of the Management Committee. The Senior Supervisor will generally advise the Management Committee in the implementation of its Policy and Practices. Members of the Management Committee will be responsible for areas/activities in which they are involved: By ensuring that the Health and Safety Policy is satisfactorily implemented; By ensuring that all new employees, whether paid or voluntary, aware of and observe the Policy; By conducting a full investigation of any accidents or incidents that result in injury. All employees, whether paid or voluntary, have a responsibility for Health and Safety including the safety of others that may be affected by their acts or omissions. As such, they should familiarise themselves with the Health and Safety Policy of the Provision and the safe practices appropriate to their place of work. Policy Approved By: __________________________ Date: _____________ Travel Plan Within this plan I will discuss the main risk factors and my solutions for them when travelling with children in my care that may perhaps be encountered. The car that will be used has the relevant insurance needed to transport the children for a business purpose and all of the staff driving the car have sufficient driving licenses with no convictions. Written permission from each parent has been collected to say that they are happy for their children to be transported in the car in question. Enough car seats for the necessary children have been implemented and are all relevant for the children’s varying ages. I have enough petrol in the car to complete all the journeys needed without having to stop at any petrol stations enroute. In the car I have a medical bag and first aid kit with all necessary medicines for the children in my care along with spare clothes, drinks, nappies and wipes, if applicable. I have spoken with all the parents and then in turn the children about how we travel in cars safely and stressed the importance of this, for example not unclipping their seat belts whilst the car is still travelling and acted in an appropriate way, should this ever happen. I have sufficient breakdown cover for the vehicle being used and a mobile phone with enough battery at all times to use in case of an emergency.

Gulf War Essay -- history

Gulf War I. Introduction - Why did a coalition of over 30 nations find it was necessary to go to war to help Kuwait after it was invaded by Iraq? How did the coalition defeat the Iraqis? And although the coalition won there were many consequences to face when the war ended. II. Reasons for war a. Saddam Hussein b. Iraq’s’ Economic Crisis c. Oil d. Disputes over Boundary III. Forming of the Coalition a. Nations joining the Coalition b. Coalition Strategy c. Iraqi Strategy IV. Military Operations V. Consequences a. UN-Iraqi Sanctions b. Casualties c. Gulf War Syndrome d. Reconstruction of Kuwait VI. Conclusion – When the coalition of over 30 nations was formed by President Bush to help Kuwait after it was invaded by Iraq, they had their own strategy to win. With all the different parts of the strategy put together they won the war, but with consequences to face (some good, others bad). The Persian Gulf War Why did a coalition of over 30 nations find it was necessary to go to war to help Kuwait after it was invaded by Iraq? How did the Coalition defeat the Iraqis’? Although the Coalition won there were many consequences to face. The causes of the war started with Saddam Hussein, then the Iraqi’s economic condition, and the dispute over boundaries, and finally oil. When the Iraqi’s invaded Kuwait a coalition was formed against them, which consisted of the use of many types of military strategies. When the coalition won there were casualties, the Gulf War Syndrome, and still some things to deal with in Kuwait. Since the invasion of Kuwait caught the world by surprise the question in everybody’s mind was – What were the reasons for the invasion? The first reason was Saddam Hussein. Saddam had two distinct characteristics: one, the determination to be remembered in history, two, and a certain vision of the future. Saddam wanted to have a unified Arab world with Baghdad as its center. Hussein also felt that after that after the fall of the Ottoman Empire there was an uneven distribution of wealth from oil reserves to the allied nations. Iraq’s only hope of survival was clearly oil revenues from its neighbor, Kuwait. Iraq’s economy was also hurt with the consequences of the 8-year Iran-Iraq War. When Iraq’s leaders claimed victory there were three-quarters of a million casualties (one third Iraqis), and heavy d... ...ded Kuwait a Coalition was formed against them, started by President George Bush. Many countries joined the Coalition to help out. The war started with air strikes and ended with ground troops. When Iraq was driven out of Kuwait they destroyed the country. After the war American Gulf War Vets were faced with the new Gulf War Syndrome and some casualties. The UN also had some problems to take care of with Iraq. Kuwait needed some rebuilding but remained an independent nation. Works Cited Bin,Alberto,Richard Hill,and Archer Jones. Desert storm - A Forgotten War.Westport: Praeger Publishers,1998. Johnson,James, and George Weigal. Just War and the Gulf War. Washington: Ethics and Public Policy Center,1991. Leyden,Andrew. Gulf War Debriefing Book.Internet. http://www.leyden.com/gulfwar. Milano,Fred. Gulf War Syndrome: The 'Agent Orange' of the Nineties.Internet.Spring-Summer 2000.http://www.findarticles.com. Schwartz,Richard. Encyclopedia of The Persian Gulf War. 1998 "Study:Gulf Vets' kids have more birth defects" The Leaf Chronicle.VOL.191. 6 October 2001, local ed.: A5 Thompson,Mark."The Gulf War Poisons Seep Out" Time Magazine. 30 September 1996, pp57

The Future Of Nasa :: Free Essays

The Future of NASA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One hundred years from now, NASA's space program will not be so far advanced that people will be able to beam around the Universe or travel through time. However, unless something goes terribly wrong with the world, it is expected to advance tremendously. New, high-tech designs for rockets will make them more environmentally safe. Rockets will also be recycled and reused. Systems retrieving parts of rockets that are today, left behind in space, will be created. Astronauts will be well on their way to exploring Mars from a hands-on perspective. Because of the overpopulated Earth, scientists may even be considering ways to alter life on Mars, so that people would be able to live there some day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some products developed in NASA's space program that we now incorporate in our daily lives include the vacuum cleaner, pacemaker, pens that can write upside-down, and the zero-gravity training system. The vacuum cleaner was originally a great tool for astronauts in outer space. It is now a very helpful tool for cleaning our homes. The pacemaker is a form of life-support on spacecrafts, helping astronomers' hearts pump while they are outside of the Earth's atmosphere. It is used, on Earth, for those who's hearts have problems with pumping blood. Pens that write upside-down are used in space, where there is no gravity and writing with pens would otherwise be impossible. They are convenient tools on Earth when we are trying to write on vertical surfaces. A zero-gravity training system is used to help astronauts become more comfortable with the conditions in space. It is used in places such as Sportsland, for kids to twirl around in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the future, telephones with picture screens, much like those used to see astronauts in space with, will become common on Earth. Rooms with no

A Torrential Downpour in the South Essay -- Descriptive Essay, Descript

What causes fascination? Perhaps it is our inherent curiosity of the unknown. Why then, do we often marvel at the most mundane of phenomena? Wherein lies the secret to this sensation of phenomenal wonder - the ability to perceive the ordinary with a unique sensual acuity? I cannot claim to have this aforementioned acuity, but I have endeavored on many occasions to hunt for the intriguing in what is plain - to experience ‘phenomenal wonder’. There are experiences which do not require acuity to fascinate us - the mystical. I have encountered much that is mystical, but the torrential downpoor will forever amaze me. I pity those who have not bathed in the torrential downpoors of the southern states, for such a shower cannot be found in the most elaborate of spas. Many northern states are deprived of the torrential downpoor, and for me to explain its splendor, I must first describe the atmosphere prior to it. During the summer, the south is like a clay pot in an oven. The land is dry, hot, and dusty. The heat convinces you that the mouth of hell is opening, with flames licking your feat as you walk. Entire communities pray for a miracle hailstorm to extinguish this incredible heat. It is apparent that no amount of praying will result in a hailstorm in the middle of July; rain, on the other hand, is quite possible. Meteorologists argue it is the natural order of things; poets and romanticists claim it is the will of thirsty land that prompts the sudden showers of the downpoors. I am not concerned with the cause of this heavenly precipitation, only interested in its result. The first torrential downpoor is like tasting a sip of water after days in the desert. The mouth of hell is closed and the flames smothered. You can smell ... ... looked innocent and tranquil. As the ferocity of the downpour would end, we would begin to open the windows. Chilly breezes would sweep magnificently through our house, almost as if the wind had a mind of its own. I swear that I have, on more than one occasion, touched the wind. Physicists may label my claim as impossible; others envy me. The wind is a spirit; it is like a hand that strokes the earth to soothe it; and if you were to use an innate acuity (which we all possess) the spirit in the wind will surely touch you. For me, the torrential southern downpoors have never lasted long enough. The cold dry winter would always come too early, and the downpoors begin too late. Perhaps that is why I savor every rain drop. I have tried to search for such ‘phenomenal wonder’, but I have yet to succeed in finding an experience more astounding than that of rain.

Public Smoking Ban In The UK

Smoking is a major income to the government; it brings in about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 billion pounds annually. The government has proceeded to raise the tax rate of tobacco above the inflation rate from 1993 to the present day, this was implemented to help reduce consumption further. This policy has resulted that tax on tobacco in the UK is amongst the highest in the world and far ahead of any of those in other EU member states. For example the price of a typical pack of cigarettes in the UK is currently à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5.54, whilst in Belgium the price is about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2.70 and in Latvia they retail at a mere 42p. The cost to the NHS of smoking related illnesses is generally not believed to outweigh the income the government makes out of tobacco sales. The government is being very hypocritical of themselves because a large amount of public money comes from the tax of cigarettes but at the same time the government is trying to stop people form smoking by banning people to smoke in public places and also with adverts on television urging people to stop smoking. There has been a lot of opposition to the smoking ban of which the arguments have been that the ban will be disastrous to small pubs that rely on smokers to keep their business afloat. Small pub landlords have said that they will loose vital trade from people who normally go out to the pub to have a smoke and a pint who now will stay at home instead and smoke and drink there. A knock on effect of the economic down turn is perceived to be a loss of jobs across the industry and rising pub prices as landlords would have no choice but to subsidise their loss of business by increasing prices. The closure of pubs would ultimately result in a lack of choice for the customer. People who are still against the ban argue alternative methods of how to reduce the health impact of passive smoking. The introduction of the use of ventilation is regarded by some as an adequate solution on its own. Some respondents are strongly of the opinion that ventilation removes all the harmful effects of smoking from the air. Designated smoking areas in public places are have previously been used before the smoking ban came into effect in various shopping malls, restaurants and clubs. People did not complain about these smoking areas, of which people who wanted to smoke could do so inside out of the way of other people who did not want to smoke. People against the smoking ban argue that separate designated smoking areas with good ventilation is a better alternative then banning smoking in public places altogether. The government doesn't want to stop there with banning smoking. They have almost banned the rights of people to smoke in their own car. The law now states that if the driver is smoking and does not have full control of the vehicle the driver can be prosecuted for smoking while driving. This is an extension of the current law which is that the driver must have full control of the vehicle at all times. What I do not understand is that why the government feels that they now have to have a separate law to cover smoking while driving, does that not also come under the law that states that the driver must have full control of the vehicle at all times? There have now also been talks that a law is trying to be passed to stop adults smoking in their own vehicle while a child is present, is this just saying to the nation that they cannot look after their own children? Ibi from Birmingham thinks that banning smoking is a way for the government to take all of our fun away. â€Å"This seems ok but doesnt anybody else worry about this being a slippery slope. First, no smoking in public places, then no smoking at all, then no drinking, no shouting, no laughing, no talking and no fun. And once this is all done they will find something else to ban. And im a non smoker.† Howard John Dell from Chelmsford agrees that the money made by the government from smokers is too high to ignore the rights of one of its biggest money makers. â€Å"I do not agree with a total ban on smoking. It is my right to smoke and the government make a considerable amount of money from my smoking through taxes which easily pays for any health cost tot he NHS.† Colin McEwan from Edinburgh agrees that the smoking ban could have bigger economic consequences than we think. â€Å"The Scottish government is drafting its own regulations regarding smoking and seems to be bent on a total ban. This, in my view is a step too far at this time. I work in Ireland where such a ban has, I believe, reduced pub sales substantially in some areas and has cost many jobs. I have no issue with the argument that people must not be subjected to passive smoking. But the alternatives, such as designated smoking areas with proper ventilation have not been properly considered. Sure it will be difficult to implement properly but the ‘Ban it everywhere' brigade does not seem to be interested in the logic †¦ only the principle.† The smoking ban seams to be supported by many more non-smokers than smokers. I think that because smokers are a minority here, the majority have won their case outright. There seams to be more suitable alternative methods than the banning of smoking in public places completely. I think that the banning of smoking in public places was a policy set up by the government to try and win the votes of the majority of people because people had lost faith in the current government because of the currently unsuccessful invasion of Iraq.

Relationship Of Emotional Intelligence Education Essay

Present survey was conducted to happen out the relationship between emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment in A degree pupils. A sample of 50 pupils in which 25 misss and 25 male childs, age ranged from 16 to 20 old ages were taken from 3 schools. They completed two questionnaire Life Orientation Test-Revised and Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test. And Academic Achievement was measured through classs of the pupils from their school record. Pearson correlativity and t-test was applied on informations that revealed 1 ) extremely important relationship between emotional intelligence, optimism and academic accomplishment. 2 ) There is no important gender difference on the graduated tables of Life Orientation Test-Revised and Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test. Findingss showed that there is a positive relationship of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment therefore it is of import for the parents and the instru ctors to do the kids learn to be optimistic and learn to command and pull off their emotions as good.IntroductionThis research aims to happen the relation of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment among pupils of ( A degrees ) higher secondary school. Academic accomplishment merely did non picture that the pupil is emotionally intelligent or optimistic and can make good in all stages of life. Traditionally an persons smarting is measured in footings of his or her IQ, it is assumed that professionals and experts have high IQ, nevertheless IQ serves as merely the index of numerical and analytical ability, it has little or no significance with success in professional and personal life because harmonizing to Goleman ( 1995 ) IQ entirely is no more the step for success ; emotional intelligence, societal intelligence, and fortune besides play a large function in a individual ‘s success, it is the Emotional Intelligence which turns the human being into a successful and comfortable because they knew their emotions and can place other ‘s every bit good and able to pull strings them or command them in better manner and if the individual is optimistic so his/her optimistic thought and emotional intelligence will decidedly escorts him/her to successful life, consequently this research aspires to falter on the relation of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic a ccomplishment. Emotional intelligence ( EI ) can be defined as ; it is being able to supervise our ain and others feelings and emotions, to know apart among them, and to utilize this to steer our thought and actions ( Salovey & A ; Mayer, 1990 ) . The property of EI is basically comprised of four basic constituents ; the ability to acknowledge and show emotion ; being able to entree and utilize emotions to enable idea ; the ability to understand emotions ; and to pull off emotions. The emotionally intelligent individual is skilled in four countries: identifying, utilizing, understanding and modulating emotions ( Salovey & A ; Mayer, 1993 ) . Then it can be said that success depends on several intelligences and on the control of emotions. John Mayer and Peter Salovey ( 1990 ) found that some people were better than others at things like placing their ain feelings, placing the feelings of others, and work outing jobs affecting emotional issues. Harmonizing to them EI is a true signifier of intelligen ce which has non been scientifically measured. They proposed that emotional intelligence trades with the emotions in a manner that if person is emotionally intelligent he/she will be better able to pull off his/her emotions and incorporate them. Harmonizing to Cooper and Sawaf ( 1997 ) , emotional intelligence is the ability to logically pull off the emotions, understands and to applies these controlled and managed emotions to link and act upon. These writers lay more accent on the application portion of EI in organisations. In simple words emotional intelligence is utilizing your emotions intelligently. The first measure to this would be acknowledging and understanding your emotions. For illustration, if your foreman shriek at you in office today because you came in late, coming place and shouting at your childs would non be the best thing to make. It will merely maintain the negative feeling drifting from one individual ‘s caput to another. An emotionally intelligent individual in this state of affairs would first acknowledge that he is angry because his foreman yelled at him. Dr. Goleman ( 1999 ) asserts that consciousness of our feelings besides enables us to comprehend the feelings of others accurately -to be empa thic, to experience with another individual. In this instance, understanding that your foreman yelled because you came tardily, will do you recognize that being on clip will do things better. Therefore, covering with our emotions rationally and intelligently will do events better. When psychologists began to compose and believe about intelligence, they focused on cognitive facets, such as memory and problem-solving. ( Cherniss, 2000 ) . However, there were research workers who recognized early on that the non-cognitive facets were besides of import. For case, David Wechsler defined intelligence as â€Å" the sum or planetary capacity of the person to move purposefully, to believe rationally, and to cover efficaciously with his environment † ( Wechsler, 1958 ) as cited in ( Cherniss, 2000 ) . Wechsler referred to non-intellectiveE? every bit good as intellectiveE? by which he meant affectional, personal, and societal factors. Wechsler was non the lone research worker who saw non-cognitive facets of intelligence to be of import for version and success. Robert Thorndike as cited in ( Cherniss, 2000 ) , to take another illustration, was composing about societal intelligenceE? in the late mid-thirtiess ( Thorndike & A ; Stein, 1937 ) . Unfortunately, the wor k of these early innovators was mostly disregarded or overlooked until 1983 when Howard Gardner as cited in ( Cherniss, 2000 ) , began to compose about multiple intelligence. Gardner ( 1983 ) proposed that intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences are every bit of import as the type of intelligence typically measured by IQ. Academic accomplishment is the ability to analyse, synthesise, and measure information, efficaciously communicate with others, proficient in scientific discipline, mathematics, computer/technical accomplishments, foreign linguistic communications, every bit good as history, geographics, and planetary consciousness, capable of collaboratively working in culturally diverse scenes, leaders who see undertakings through to completion, responsible determination shapers who are self-motivated and active political participants and ethical persons who are committed to their households, communities, and co-workers ( Nidds & A ; McGerald, 1996 ) . The relationship of emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment can be depicted from this survey conducted by Elias, M. J. , Gara, M. , Schuyler, T. , Brandon-Muller, L. R. , & A ; Sayette, M. A ( 1991 ) that the learning emotional and societal accomplishments is really of import at school, it can impact academic accomplishment positively non merely during the twelvemonth they are taught, but during the old ages that follow every bit good. Teaching these accomplishments has a long-run consequence on accomplishment. Emotional intelligence effects the academic accomplishment in positive ways and it remains with the person by the terminal of life. The emotions, feelings, and values are critical for a individual ‘s well being and accomplishment in life ( Ediger, 1997 ) . Quality emotions and feelings help pupils give their best potency in the schoolroom. The pupils who are aversive and believe negatively can non concentrate for a long clip and hold more trouble in making their potency than others. Abdullah, Maria. , Chong. , Elias, Habibah. , Mahyuddin. , Rahil. , Uli. , Jegak ( 2004 ) conducted research to analyze pupils overall degree of EQ. Research findings indicate that there is positive relationship between EQ and academic accomplishment. The pupil ‘s positive relationship with academic accomplishment indicated that if the pupil performed better on his/her faculty members so he/she will be emotionally intelligent excessively. And the other determination of this survey is the pupils have negative relationship of EQ with the negative affect ( choler, defeat and anxiousness ) which showed that the pupils with high Equivalents have low negative affect or negative relationship with negative affect ( choler, defeat and anxiousness ) . Natalio. E. A. , Duran, L. R ( 2006 ) examined the relationships between perceived emotional intelligence ( PEI ) , dispositional optimism/pessimism and psychological accommodation ( sensed emphasis and life satisfaction. Findingss confirmed that emotional lucidity and temper fix are important in foretelling sensed emphasis and life satisfaction after the influence of optimism/pessimism were controlled. Thus this research predicted that striplings with high perceptual experiences of emotional abilities ( in specific, high lucidity and fix ) by and large show higher life satisfaction and lower perceived emphasis. Furthermore, to some grade, this consequence might be considered as independent from their ain optimistic or pessimistic temperaments. James, D. A. , Parker, R. E. , Creque, D. L. , Barnhart, J. I. , Harris, S. A. , Majeski, L. M. ( 2004 ) found the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment in high school Trent university Peterborough. Variables were compared in ( extremely successful pupils, reasonably successful, and less successful based on grade-point-average for the twelvemonth ) , academic success was strongly associated with several dimensions of emotional intelligence. Sing that EI can be a possible determiner of accomplishment in working life, therefore the survey aims to find if there is any important difference in EI of the local and foreign pupils, if the emotional intelligence consequence the academic accomplishment and it besides differs in local and foreign pupils. This survey reveals that people be evaluated on their ain virtue of emotional intelligence instead their academic success ( James & A ; Irene, 2003 ) . Empirical research has produced grounds proposing that the ability to measure, modulate and use emotions ( i.e. emotional intelligence ) is of import to the public presentation of workers, survey reveals that the potency for enhanced emotional capablenesss could be improved and there is strong relationship of emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment ( Jaeger, 2003 ) . The Oxford Dictionary of English defines optimism as â€Å" hopefulness and assurance about the hereafter or the success of something † . Optimism is a province where people believe that there are more opportunities of things traveling good and good, instead than their traveling bad. Harmonizing to Seligman ( 1991 ) optimism is: â€Å" Changing the destructive things you say to yourself when you experience the reverses that life trades us, is the cardinal accomplishment of optimism † . Optimism can besides be defined as the inclination to believe that one will by and large see good versus bad results in life ( Scheier & A ; Carver, 1987 ) . It is the mental province wherein people believe that things are more likely to travel good for them than travel severely, it is ever anticipating good for the hereafter and holding faith on 1s ownself. Seligman ( 1991 ) position ‘s that optimism is a belief that the actions of single affairs. Optimism is an explanatory manner, and single with this manner or optimistic persons 1 ) see that the causes of good events in life are lasting ( e.g. , due to their abilities, their traits and their cistrons etc. ) and bad events have their causes as temporarily, ( 2 ) they generalized good events alternatively of bad 1s, ( 3 ) do n't fault themselves for bad events alternatively see that good events are because of them ( Gatz, 1998 ) . The chief advantages of optimism may be found in increasing continuity and committedness during the stage of action toward a chosen end, and in bettering the ability to digest unmanageable agony. Mentions and farther reading may be available for this article. To see mentions and farther reading you must buy Optimism is another emotional competency that leads to increased productiveness. Optimistic persons when have assurance on themselves and hold good outlooks and hope, it will increase the public presentation in better manner, optimistic persons can break trades with life stressors, when these stressors could non consequence their good public presentation the productiveness or accomplishment in any stage of life will increase. ( Seligman, 1990 ) . On the whole, research on optimism indicates that a positive orientation toward life leads to pull offing hard state of affairss with less subjective emphasis and less negative impact on physical wellbeing. Optimists by and large accept world more readily and seek to take active and constructive stairss to work out their jobs, whereas pessimists are more likely to prosecute in flight and tend to give up in their attempts to accomplish ends ( Scheier & A ; Carver, 1992 ) . Another argument sing optimism is that whether it can or can non be learned. Several researches show that optimism is a manner of believing that can be learned. Seligman ( 1991 ) , in his book, Learned Optimism told that optimism can be learned. Researches support the theory that being optimistic has many benefits, and that being pessimistic has many costs, on a individual ‘s overall quality of life ( McCambridge, Strang, Butler, Keaney, & A ; Anderson, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to another survey, optimism leads to break academic public presentation as optimistic persons can break trade with the stressors and therefore they give better consequences ( Whipple, & A ; Gootman, 2001 ) . In one survey conducted on optimism it is noted that optimism and thought are positively related with job resolution, optimistic individual tackle state of affairs in a better manner and happen out better solution ( Schwarz, & A ; Tesser, 2001 ) . In another survey conducted by Merrell ( 2001 ) it is proved that an optimistic individual can break header with troubles and is more flexible and lasting in bad state of affairss and adversities of life so a pessimistic individual ( Merrell, 2001 ) . Research shows that optimist people can break trade with failure, foremost because they think of failure as something that can be changed and secondly they can pull off emphasis and lift better from adversities ( Whipple, & A ; Gootman, 2001 ) . Page and Wayne ( 2007 ) found that academic optimism is a school feature that predicts pupil accomplishment even commanding for socioeconomic position. The survey presented that positive psychological science variables ( hope, optimism, heedfulness ) are stronger in high accomplishing pupils than in low achieving pupils. ( Pajares, 2001 ) . Nonis, A. S. & A ; Wright, D ( 2003 ) investigated that pupil public presentation has become an progressively of import subject in higher instruction, the survey aimed to detect that to what extent pupil ability, accomplishment, striv1ing and situational optimism influence public presentation results and to look into the synergistic effects of ability and accomplishment every bit good as situational optimism on pupil public presentation results. In educational establishments, success is measured by academic public presentation, or how good a pupil meets criterions set out by local authorities and the establishment itself. In academic achievement pupil ‘s public presentation will be measured through classs of a twelvemonth. Academic accomplishment is defined as â€Å" the quality and measure of a pupil ‘s work † . The survey aims to mensurate the academic accomplishment in footings of emotional intelligence and optimism, for this intent the sample will be taken from the higher Secondary School pupils of A degrees. A degrees is considered the alternate making in Pakistan. Most common alternate making is the ‘General Certificate of Education ‘ or GCE, where HSSC is replaced with ‘Advanced Level ‘ or A Level severally. GCE AS/A Level are managed by British scrutiny boards of ‘Cambridge Assessment ‘ or CIE of the company of ‘University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate ‘ or UCLES. Another British scrutiny board that offers GCE AS/A Level is Edexcel of the company of Pearson PLC. However, CIE makings of GCE are much preferred option than those of Edexcel. These makings are coming to be more well-thought-of socially and in footings of occupation employment. In Pakistan the most of the pupils are in schools which are SCC or HSSC but for few old ages people who are stable financially preferred the alternate making system because there is a large difference in both school systems, from classs to extracurricular activities, even learning manner is different and most of the population of Pakistan belongs to the in-between category so people can non afford their kids to be in O/A degrees. Academic success is of import because it is strongly linked to the positive results value for kids. Research shows that grownups with high degrees of instruction are more likely to be employed, and to gain higher wages ( National Center for Education Statistics, 2001 ; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1999 ) . Newhouse & A ; Beegle ( 2005 ) evaluated the impact of school type on academic accomplishment of junior secondary school pupils in Indonesia. The findings are from Indonesia showed that private schools provide with kids the best instruction and set more attempt in the surveies of kids. In the present survey sample is from the private ( British school ) , emotional intelligence and optimism will be measured from the participants from these schools. Research besides shows that people who are academically successful are more stable in their employment ; more likely to hold wellness insurance ; are less dependent on public aid ; are less likely to prosecute in condemnable activity ; are more active as citizens and charitable voluntaries ; and are healthier ( National Alliance of Business, 1998 ) . Research workers have been challenged to travel beyond socioeconomic position in the hunt for school degree features that make a difference in pupil accomplishment. The intent of the survey was to place a new concept academic optimism that is holding a positive attitude towards the academic accomplishment and towards instruction and so explicate the pupil accomplishment while commanding socioeconomic position ( Hoy et al, 2006 ) .RationaleA degree pupils are largely at the age of stripling which is the peak clip to make up one's mind their calling and personality development is finishing and they are traveling through tonss of emotional perturbations because there is a batch of surveies pressure which can take to depression and low self-pride and sometimes resulted in self-destruction so the survey will assist to understand that being positive and emotionally intelligent pupils will be dining in academic accomplishment. It will supply the degree of optimism in A degree pupils that ca n assist instructors and parents to develop optimism in their striplings because optimism is non ever inborn, it can b erudite every bit good. It will uncover the relationship of optimism, emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment to ease the pupils opt their line of concern chances, and calling choice. A degrees pupils are taken as a sample because of their more or less same socio economic position.HypothesissThe survey hypothesized that: There is a positive correlativity between emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment. The more higher the emotional intelligence and optimism the greater will be the academic accomplishment.MethodParticipantsFor the present survey â€Å" Purposive sampling technique † was used for the sample choice, the sample consisted of the 45 misss and male childs in equal figure from the British schools ( Cambridge board and Edexcel affiliated schools ) of Rawalpindi. Data was collected from three schools including Froebel ‘s, Saint Marry and Roots School System. All the pupils of A Levels from these schools were taken as the sample and the age of participants ranged from 16-20 old ages. Inclusion Standards All the striplings ‘ age runing from 16 – 22 old ages and pupils of Angstrom degrees were the portion of the survey. New initiations or the pupils at least in school for more than one twelvemonth were besides included in the sample. Exclusion Standards Adolescents with any disablement ( mental or physical ) and below age 16 old ages or above 20 old ages were non included in the survey.InstrumentThe protocol consists of the followers: Data Demographic Sheet Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test ( Schutte, Malouff and Bhullar, 1998 ) Life Orientation Test ( Scheier, Carver and Bridges, 1994 )Data Demographic SheetDemographic information was collected in footings of age, gender, school, chief topic, front-runner Subject, extracurricular activities, birth order and personal rating for academic accomplishment. Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test ( SSEIT ) ( Schutte, Malouff and Bhullar, 1998 ) In the present survey emotional intelligence was operationally defined in footings of tonss on the Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test, where high tonss indicate more characteristic of emotional intelligence and low tonss indicate that the individual is non much emotionally intelligent. Schutte self report emotional intelligence graduated table is a 33 point self report step of emotional intelligence developed by Nicola S. Schutte, John M. Malouff and Navjot Bhullar in 1998. Schutte self study emotional intelligence graduated table ( SSEIT ) is based on Salovey and Mayer ‘s ( 1990 ) original theoretical account of emotional intelligence. This theoretical account comprised of four basic constituents ; the ability to acknowledge and show emotion ; being able to entree and utilize emotions to enable idea ; the ability to understand emotions ; and to pull off emotions. The most widely used subscales derived from the 33 point Assessing Emotion Scale are those based on four factors. Which were described as: perceptual experience of emotion, pull offing emotions in the ego. Social accomplishments or pull offing other ‘s emotions and vitamin D utilizing emotion. The points consisting the subscales based on these factors are: perceptual experience of emotion ( points 5, 9, 15, 18, 19, 22, 25, 29, 32, 33 ) , pull offing emotions in the ego. Social accomplishments or pull offing other ‘s emotions ( points 2, 3, 10, 12, 14, 21, 23, 28, 31 ) and utilizing emotion ( points 6, 7, 8, 17, 20, 27 ) . All points are included in one of these subscales. Respondents rate themselves on the point utilizing the five point graduated table. Respondents require mean five proceedingss to finish the graduated table. Entire graduated table mark are calculated by contrary hiting point 5, 28 and 33, and so summing all points. Tonss can run from 33 to 165, with higher hiting indicate more characteristic emotional intelligence. The points for the original Assessing Emotions Scale were in English ( Schutte et al, 1998 ) and most surveies using the graduated table have used the English linguistic communication version of the graduated table. In the present survey the original English linguistic communication version was used. Life Orientation Test ( LOT ) ( Scheier, Carver and Bridges, 1994 ) In the present survey Life Orientation Test is operationally defined in footings of Life Orientation Test where high tonss indicate that there is more optimism and low tonss indicate the pessimism. Life orientation trial is the 10 point trial developed by Michael F. Scheier, Charlse S. Carver and Michael W. Bridges in 1994. Respondents rate themselves on the point utilizing the five point graduated table ( 1-5 ) . Respondents require mean five proceedingss to finish the graduated table. Entire graduated table mark are calculated by contrary hiting point 3, 7 and 9, and so summing all points. Tonss can run from 10 to 50, with higher hiting indicate more optimism. In the present survey the original English linguistic communication version was used.Academic AchievementAcademic accomplishment was measured through the classs of the participants of their last semester ; all the schools included in the survey had the same scaling system of Cambridge System and Edexcel. The division of classs harmonizing to the per centums are given below: A* = Above 90 % A = 80 – 89 % B = 70 – 79 % All the participants fall between these classs. No participant was below 70 % .ProcedureData was collected from the British schools of Rawalpindi, three schools including Froebel ‘s, Saint Marry and Roots School System. For the intent of roll uping informations consent was taken from the school governments and the intent of the survey was explained to them ( school disposal ) . After acquiring their blessing, mention letters were taken for their schools. Consent from participants was taken after explicating them about the nature and intent of survey. Pilot survey was done in the school Froebel ‘s to look into the dependability of both graduated tables Schutte self report emotional intelligence graduated table ( r = .72 ) and life orientation trial ( R = .67 ) . Six pupils were included in the pilot survey. After the pilot study the dependability obtained from questionnaires showed that the questionnaires are dependable so informations aggregation procedure was started. Participants were taken from the British schools of Rawalpindi with the aid of well-thought-of coordinator of A degrees. Participants were given verbal direction sing questionnaires, and they were provided with two questionnaires ( SSEIT, LOT-R and demographic sheet ) and their inquiries about subject were answered. Average clip taken by participants to make full the questionnaire was about 15 proceedingss. After the completion of the informations aggregation the classs of the each participant of their last semester were taken from their school record with the permission of the school governments. Data aggregation was completed in approximately 20 yearss. After informations aggregation, information was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences ( SPSS 0.13 ) and analyzed the informations i.e. frequences, per centums, pearson correlativity and t-test was applied on the information.ConsequencesStudy was conducted to happen out the relationship between emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment. A sample of 50 A degree pupils ( both misss and boys=25 ) were selected from 3 schools of Rawalpindi, and protocols were administered on them. Then the informations collected was analyzed in SPSS. For this purpose Pearson correlativity was used. And besides to see whether there is any Gender difference sing variables of optimism and emotional intelligence in the information independent sample t-test was applied.Table 1Frequency and Percentage of demographic variable. ( N = 50 ) Variable Label Frequency ( degree Fahrenheit ) Percentage ( % ) Gender Girls 25 50 % Male childs 25 50 % Age 16-18 old ages 30 60 % 19-20 old ages 20 40 % School ‘s Name Classs Rootss Froebel ‘s 17 34 % 16 32 % Saint Marry Average ( 70- 79 % ) Above Average ( 80-89 % ) Exceptional ( above 90 % ) 17 34 % 1 20 29 2 % 40 % 58 % Table shows frequence and per centum of participants harmonizing to demographic variables of age, gender school name and classs.Table 2Frequency and per centum of demographic variables in footings of chief topic, personal rating of classs and extracurricular activities. ( N = 50 ) Variable Label Frequency ( degree Fahrenheit ) Percentage ( % ) Chemistry 6 12 % Biology 8 16 % Main Subject English 2 4 % Computer Sciences 9 18 % Mathematics ‘s Music Humanistic disciplines Physicss Accounting Economicss 3 2 1 10 6 3 6 % 4 % 2 % 20 % 12 % 6 % Average 14 28 % Personal Evaluation Of Grades Above Average 26 52 % Extracurricular Activities Exceeding None Indoor merely Out Door merely Both indoor & A ; outdoor 10 7 10 18 15 20 % 14 % 20 % 36 % 30 % Table shows frequence and per centum of participants harmonizing to demographic variables of chief topic, personal rating of classs and extracurricular activities.Table 3Pearson Correlation between Life Orientation Test-Revised ( LOT-R ) , Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence ( SSEIT ) and Academic Achievement. Optimism Academic accomplishment Emotional intelligence Percept of emotion Pull offing emotion in ego Using emotion Optimism–.322* .367** .134 .495** .245 Academic accomplishment .322*–.421** .204 .398** .421** Emotional intelligence .367** .421**–.755** .866** .662** Percept of emotion .134 .204 .755**–.497** .280* Pull offing emotion in ego .495** .398** .866*8 .497**–.511** Using emotion .245 .421** .662** .280* .511**–**pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.01 *pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.05 Table shows individual co-relation ( two-tailed degree ) between optimism, emotional intelligence, academic accomplishment and sub graduated tables of emotional intelligence ( perceptual experience of emotion, pull offing emotion in ego and utilizing emotion ) . Relationship between the optimism and academic accomplishment is significantly positive ( r=.322* , pa†°Ã‚ ¤ .05 ) . Relationship between optimism and emotional intelligence is important and positive ( r=.367** , pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.01 ) . Relationship between emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment is besides positive and important ( r=.421** , pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.01 ) .Table 4Mean, SD, and value of t-test related to optimism. ( N=50 ) Variable N M South dakota T P Optimism Girls Male childs 25 36.68 5 2.009.987 25 34 4 Table shows that there is no important difference in degree of optimism in misss and male childs. It showed that on mean tonss on life orientation graduated table ( mensurating optimism ) have no considerable gender differences.Table 5Mean, SD, and value of t-test related to emotional intelligence. ( N=50 ) Variable N M South dakota T P Emotional intelligence Girls Male childs 25 126 14.6 1.53.582 25 121 11.8 Table shows that there is no important difference in degree of optimism in misss and male childs. It showed that on mean tonss on Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test ( emotional intelligence ) have no considerable gender differences.Table 6Cross tabular matter of the academic accomplishment of the pupils harmonizing to the scopes of optimism ( N=50 ) . Variables Classs degree Fahrenheits ( % ) Optimism 0-36 Average 37-50 Above Average Academic Accomplishment A* Grade A Class B Grade 14 ( 28 % ) 16 ( 32 % ) 1 ( 2 % ) 15 ( 30 % ) 4 ( 8 % ) 0 ( 0 % ) Table shows that the pupils with A* classs 15 ( 30 % ) were above norm which indicates that the pupils are more optimistic than the pupils with B class 1 ( 2 % ) 0f norm and ( 0 % ) of above norm. A graders are merely ( 8 % ) above norm, which means more optimistic pupils perform good in faculty members.Table 7Cross tabular matter of the academic accomplishment of the pupils harmonizing to the scopes of emotional intelligence. ( N=50 ) . Variables Classs degree Fahrenheits ( % ) Emotional Intelligence 0-124 Average 125-165 Above Average Academic Accomplishment A* Grade A Class B Grade 12 ( 24 % ) 14 ( 28 % ) 1 ( 2 % ) 17 ( 34 % ) 6 ( 12 % ) 0 ( 0 % ) Table shows that the pupils with A* classs 17 ( 34 % ) were above norm which indicates that the pupils are more emotionally intelligent than the pupils with B class 1 ( 2 % ) 0f norm and ( 0 % ) of above norm. A graders are merely 6 ( 12 % ) above norm, which means more emotionally intelligent pupils perform good in faculty members.DiscussionThe present survey examined relationship of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment in A degree pupils. Main aims of the survey were to happen out the relationship of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment in A degree pupils that whether the pupil accomplishing high classs is emotionally intelligent and optimistic. To carry through the nonsubjective 50 Students were selected from three different schools of Rawalpindi, both misss and male childs. And they completed the protocols ( Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test and Life Orientation Test-Revise ) . Consequences indicate the relationship of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment. Table demonstrates that emotional intelligence and optimism has a important relationship with academic accomplishment. It means that if emotional intelligence and optimism is high in pupils it would ensue in better positive academic accomplishment. If the pupil is emotionally intelligent and optimistic so he or she will stand out in his faculty members. Consequences showed the positive relationship of emotional intelligence and optimism with academic accomplishment that if the pupil is executing good in faculty members he/she is emotionally intelligent and optimistic. Relationship is besides been proved with the old research, Abdullah et Al ( 2004 ) found the positive relationship between EQ and academic accomplishment. Another survey examined that the emotions, feelings, and values are critical for a individual ‘s well being and accomplishment in life, and if these emotions are used in positive mode so it will take to success. ( Ediger, 1997 ) . Abisamra ( 2000 ) found no important relationship between emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment, the survey was conducted on 11th graders. Another survey showed the positive relationship among emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment that pupils who score high on emotional intelligence tend to hold good academic public presentation as compared to those who score low on emotional intelligence graduated table ( Farooq, 2003 ) . There is significantly positive relationship between emotional intelligence and academic accomplishment ( r=.421** , pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.01 ) which means the pupil making good in his/her faculty members besides scored high on emotional intelligence ( see Table 3 ) .A The relationship of optimism and academic accomplishment has besides been proved with old researches, optimism leads to break academic public presentation as optimistic persons can break trade with the stressors and therefore they give better consequences ( Whipple, & A ; Gootman, 2001 ) . Another survey conducted by Pajares ( 2001 ) findings indicates that concepts like optimism drawn from positive psychological science can assist explicate academic motive and accomplishment. The optimistic pupil can break header with his/her the day-to-day stressors of academic life and have the positive outlooks for the hereafter, consequences showed the significantly positive relationship between optimism and academic accomplishment ( r=.322* , pa†°Ã‚ ¤0.05 ) ( see Table 3 ) . Consequences on gender difference indicated no important difference in misss and male childs. It reveals that no gender differences sing emotional intelligence and optimism. T-test was applied to see the gender difference in informations. It revealed the same consequences as concluded by the Heinonen ( 2006 ) and his co-workers ; they besides concluded that there is no gender difference on LOT-R mensurating optimism. T-Test applied on the life orientation test-revised ( mensurating optimism ) for gender difference showed that there is no important difference in degree of optimism in male and female ( t=2.009, p=.987 ) ( see Table 4 ) . T-Test was applied to see the gender difference in emotional intelligence and it was revealed that no important difference in misss and male childs ( t=1.53, p=.582 ) ( see Table 4 ) . Cross tabular matter was applied to see the scopes and the degrees of the both graduated tables harmonizing to the academic accomplishment ( classs ) of the pupils, it was revealed that the pupils with class A* are more optimistic than the class B pupils, it proves the hypotheses that the more optimistic pupils achieve high classs or are academically good ( see Table 6 ) . Cross tabular matter of the emotional intelligence harmonizing to academic accomplishment besides proves that the emotionally intelligent pupils performed good on faculty members ( see Table 7 ) . On the bases of present survey it is recommended that in future surveies on striplings sample size should be big and besides striplings from other schools ( Urdu medium, Government schools etc ) should be included. Emotional intelligence and optimism can be studied among patients with different diseases to see how these two qualities consequence their recovery rate and how these two consequence their life manners. These graduated tables of emotional intelligence and optimism can be translated in Urdu and validated so can be applied on larger population in Pakistan. The restriction of the present survey is that the sample size ( N=50 ) was smaller and the clip was really limited to carry on a survey that can be generalized to whole Pakistan ‘s pupils.